Description
Lisinopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor structurally related to enalaprilat.
It is reportedly useful in the management of hypertension and congestive heart failure.
Chemical Properties
White to Off-White Crystalline Powder
Uses
An orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. S,S,S-Isomer of Lisinopril
Definition
ChEBI: Lisinopril dihydrate is a hydrate. It has a role as an antihypertensive agent. It contains a lisinopril.
Brand name
Prinivil (Merck); Zestril (AstraZeneca).
General Description
Lisinopril, 1-[N2-[S-1-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl]-L-lysyl]-L-proline dihydrate (Prinivil, Zestril), is alysine derivative of enalaprilat, the active metabolite ofenalapril. Like all ACE inhibitors, it is an active site-directedinhibitor of the enzyme, with the zinc ion used in an effectivebinding interaction at a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1. The pharmacologicaleffects of lisinopril are similar to those of captopriland enalapril.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.
Clinical Use
Many new ACE inhibitors became available for the treatmentof hypertension following the clinical effectivenessof enalapril. Enalapril is a non–thiol-containing ACE inhibitordevoid of the side effects of rash and loss of thesense of taste characteristic of the thiol-containing compoundcaptopril. With the exception of the phosphoruscontainingfosinopril, these antihypertensive agents havea 2-, like the prototypical drug captopril,are used in the treatment of mild-to-moderate hypertension,either alone or in conjunction with diuretics orcalcium channel blockers.
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments
The principle uses of lisinopril in veterinary medicine at present are
as a vasodilator
in the treatment of heart failure or hypertension.
Recent studies have demonstrated that ACE inhibitors, particularly
when used in conjunction with furosemide, do improve the quality
of life in dogs with heart failure. It is not clear, however, whether it
has any significant effect
on survival times. Lisinopril may also be of
benefit in treating the effects associated with valvular heart disease
(mitral regurgitation) and left to right shunts. It is being explored
as adjunctive treatment in chronic renal failure and in protein losing
nephropathies.
Lisinopril may have advantages over other ACE inhibitors in
that it may be dosed once daily and less expensive. Disadvantages
are that it is only available in human labeled dosage forms and there
is much less published information on its use (efficacy, safety, dosing)
in veterinary species.
