Linoleate (in the form of high-linoleate safflower oil, 10% (w/w), p.o., dietary, 4 weeks) sodium preserves cardiolipin and attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction in the failing rat heart[3].
Linoleate (in the form of a diet containing 15% (w/w) safflower oil; p.o., through diet) sodium reduces the induction of fatty acid synthetase activity in rat liver[4].
Linoleate (in the form of linoleate-enriched safflower oil, 100 ppm, dietary) sodium increases arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) levels in the serum of mice with antigen-induced antibodies and allergic reactions[5].
Linoleate (in the form of linoleate-enriched safflower oil, corresponding to an 18:2n-6/18:3n-3 ratio of 127; dietary) sodium attenuates gastric mucosal damage induced by ethanol, ischemia/reperfusion, and water immersion stress in a rat experimental gastric ulcer model[6].
Linoleate sodium (1 mg/mouse; ip; 1 time) significantly increases the median survival of mice inoculated with EAT cells from 18 days to 48 days, and completely inhibited tumor growth in more than 40% of mice[7].
Linoleate (in the form of linoleate-rich safflower oil, 10% of the semi-purified diet; fed) sodium makes ICR mice more sensitive to pentobarbital, as manifested by a shorter onset of anesthetic effect and a longer duration of anesthetic[8].
Linoleate (in the form of linoleate-rich safflower oil corresponding to an 18:2n-6/18:3n-3 ratio of less than 0.1; fed) can reduce urine protein levels, plasma urea nitrogen levels, glomerular crescent formation, and fibrinoid necrosis in rats with crescent-type anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis, while increasing the proportion of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) in glomerular phospholipids[9].
| Animal Model: | Male lean SHHF rats; spontaneously hypertensive heart failure model[3] |
| Dosage: | High-linoleate safflower oil (HLSO), 10% (w/w) |
| Administration: | ad libitum for 4 weeks |
| Result: | Preserved L4CL and total CL to 90% of non-failing levels.
Attenuated 17-22% decreases in state 3 mitochondrial respiration.
Increased left ventricular fractional shortening significantly, and decreased plasma insulin levels.
Augmented the production of several eicosanoid species in serum compared with the control and lard groups.
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