80-56-8

liquid with a turpentine odour

α-Pinene was used as standard in headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatographic analysis of volatile compounds in virgin olive oils 1 . It was used in the synthesis of cesium-doped heteropolyacid having potential application in biodiesel synthesis.

α-Pinene was used as standard in headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatographic analysis of volatile compounds in virgin olive oils. It was used in the synthesis of cesium-doped heteropolyacid having potential application in biodiesel synthesis

ChEBI: A pinene that is bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 6 and 6 respectively.

A clear colorless liquid with a turpentine odor. Flash point 91°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Used as a solvent.

ALPHA-PINENE(80-56-8) may react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. May react exothermically with reducing agents to release gaseous hydrogen.

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through skin. High concentrations are extremely destructive to mucous membrane and upper respiratory tract, eyes and skin. Symptoms of exposure may include burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea and vomiting.

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Vapor may travel considerable distance to source of ignition and flashback. Container explosion may occur during fire conditions. Forms explosive mixtures in air.

Alpha-pinene is the major constituent of turpentine (about 80%). It exists as a levogyre form in European turpentines, and as a dextrogyre form in turpentines found in North America. Sensitization mainly occurs in painters, polishers and varnishers, and in those in the perfume and ceramics industry.

The structure would account for the presence of four optically active and two optically inactive isomers; although only d-, l-, and dl-α-pinene are known, however; presence of one or more isomers has been reported in more than 400 essential oils; in the largest amounts it has been reported found in Achillea millefolium (d-), Artemisia tridentata (d-), Italian rosemary (l-), wild thyme (l-), French lavender (l-), coriander (d-, dl-), cumin (d, dl-), labdanum (l-), neroli (l-), lemon, Litsea cubeba (d-) and ylang-ylang (d-). It is also reported in over 200 natural products including apple, apricot, many citrus juices and peel oils, bilberry, cranberry, lingonberry, blackberry, currants, guava, raspberry, strawberry, orange, lime, grapefruit, mandarin, tangerine oils and juices, various spices, mint essential oils, carrot, celery, cooked potato, bell pepper, tomato, anise, cinnamon, cassia leaf, clove, cumin, ginger, Mentha oils, nutmeg, mace, pepper, parsley, thyme, Swiss and cheddar cheese, cream, fatty fish, fried chicken, beef fat, hop oil, rum, bourbon whiskey, tea, roasted filberts, pecans, oats, soybean, plum, mushroom, sweet and wild marjoram, starfruit, mango, tamarind, cardamom, coriander, gin, rice, litchi, calamus, dill, lovage, caraway seed, buckwheat, laurel, fennel, kiwifruit, myrtle leaf and berry, rosemary, buchu oil, Bourbon vanilla, Spanish and clary sage, nectarine, crayfish, clam, cape gooseberry, anise hyssop, angelica root oil, Roman and German chamomile oil, eucalyptus oil, bullock’s heart and mastic gum leaf and fruit oil.

From turpentine, by distillation.

α-Pinene occurs naturally in a variety of trees and shrubs, including more than 400 essential oils, and air concentrations near pine forests may reach 500–1200 mg/m3. Total U.S. emission of α-pinene from deciduous and coniferous forests amounts to 6.6 million tons annually. An estimated emission rate of α-pinene from natural sources to the atmosphere is 1.84×10 ^-10 g/cm³/s.

Detection: 2.5 to 62 ppb. Aroma characteristics at 1.0%: terpy citrus and spicy, woody pine and turpentinelike with a slight cooling camphoraceous nutmeglike nuance, a fresh herbal lift and a tropical fruit top note.

Taste characteristics at 10 ppm: intense, woody, piney and terpy with camphoraceous and turpentine notes. It has herbal, spicy and slightly tropical mango nuances.

The ITSL for α-pinene is 1120 μg/m3 based on an 8-hour averaging time.