79-41-4

A clear colorless liquid (or low-melting solid) with a pungent odor. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Flash point 170°F. Melting point 61°F. May polymerize exothermically if heated or contaminated. If the polymerization takes place inside a container, the container may rupture violently. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air. Used to make plastics.

METHACRYLIC ACID(79-41-4) reacts with strong oxidizing agents. Presents a storage hazard: violent exothermic polymerizations leading to explosion can occur spontaneously, particularly at low inhibitor or stabilizer concentrations [Anon., CISHC Chem. Safety Summ., 1979, 50, p. 34; Bond, J., Loss Prev. Bull., 1991, 101, p. 1].

Soluble in water.

Toxic material. Strong irritant to eyes and skin. Questionable carcinogen.

INHALATION: Severe irritation to respiratory tract. EYES: Short contact can cause severe damage. SKIN: Causes severe irritation and burns. Ingestion: High hazard-may cause death or permanent injury on short exposure to small quantities. OTHER: May affect blood pressure temporarily.

Methacrylic acid is used in preparation of methacrylates and carboxylated polymers; in the production of the material or its alkyl esters, as monomers or comonomers for synthetic resins for the production of plastic sheets, moldings, and fibers.

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. If victim is conscious, administer water or milk. Do not induce vomiting. Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug or other inhalation therapy.

UN2531 Methacrylic acid, stabilized, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.

Vapor may form explosive mixture with air. A reducing agent; incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Aqueous solution is strongly acidic: incompatible with strong acids; caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides; epichlorohydrin. Will polymerize readily from heating above 59F/15C, or due to the presence of light, oxidizers (e.g., peroxides); or in the presence of traces of hydrochloric acid, with fire or explosion hazard. Attacks metals. Note: Typically contains 100 ppm of monomethyl ether hydroquinone (150-76-5) as an inhibitor to prevent polymerization

Methacrylic acid, abbreviated MAA, is an organic compound. This colourless, viscous liquid is a carboxylic acid with an acrid unpleasant odor. It is soluble in warm water and miscible with most organic solvents. Methacrylic acid is produced industrially on a large scale as a precursor to its esters, especially methyl methacrylate (MMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The methacrylates have numerous uses, most notably in the manufacture of polymers with trade names such as Lucite and Plexiglas. MAA occurs naturally in small amounts in the oil of Roman chamomile.

colourless liquid or crystals with an unpleasant odour.

Methacrylic acid is a colorless liquid.

Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.

ChEBI: An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is acrylic acid in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a methyl group.

The most common route for the preparation of methacrylic acid is from acetone as follows:

In a typical process, acetone is treated with hydrogen cyanide at 140??C in the presence of ammonia as catalyst. The acetone cyanohydrin produced is treated with concentrated sulphuric acid at 100??C to form methacrylamide sulphate. This intermediate is not isolated but is directly converted to methacrylic acid by treatment with water at about 90??C.
A competitive route now in commercial operation involves the two stage oxidation of isobutene with air. The reaction proceeds via methacrolein:

More than 3 million tons of methyl methacrylate (MMA) are produced annually. In one route, acetone cyanohydrin is converted to methacrylamide sulfate using sulfuric acid. That compound is hydrolyzed to methacrylic acid, or it can be converted into methyl methacrylate in one step. In the second route, isobutylene or tertbutanol are oxidized to methacrolein, then methacrylic acid.Methacrolein for this purpose can also be obtained from formaldehyde and ethylene. Isobutyric acid can also be dehydrogenated to methacrylic acid.
Methacrylic acid was first obtained in the form of its ethyl ester by treating phosphorus pentachloride with oxyisobutyric ester.[2] It is, however, more readily obtained by boiling citra- or mesobrompyrotartaric acids with alkalis. It crystallizes in prisms. When fused with an alkali, it forms propanoic acid. Sodium amalgam reduces it to isobutyric acid. A polymeric form of methacrylic acid was described in 1880.

Combustible liquid; flash point (open cup) 76°C (170°F); vapor pressure <0.1 torr at 20°C (68°F). Fire-extinguishing agent: water spray, “alcohol” foam, dry chemical, or CO2; use a water spray to dilute and flush the spill and to disperse the vapors.
Methacrylic acid polymerizes readily. The reaction is exothermic. The rate of reaction accelerates on heating, which may result in violent rupture of closed containers. The polymerization may be inhibited with a trace quantity of hydroquinone and hydroquinone monomethyl ether (Aldrich 2006). The acid may be stored safely below its melting point.

Methacrylic acid was considered by the IARC Working Groups, but monographs were not prepared because adequate data on its carcinogenicity were not available. The IUCLID database reports a dermal application study (dose unspecified) of mice treated three times per week for 4 months and then observed for their lifetimes. No excess dermal tumors were observed.

(1) Color Code—White: Corrosive or Contact Hazard; Store separately in a corrosion-resistant location. (2) Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Store in a secure poison location. (3) Color Code—Yellow Stripe (strong reducing agent): Reactivity Hazard; Store separately in a area isolated from flammables, combustibles, or other yellow coded materials. Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. Before entering confined space where this chemical may be present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration does not exist. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from oxidizers (such as perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, and nitrates). Methacrylic acid should be stored at temperatures below 15℃. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames are prohibited where methacrylic acid is handled, used, or stored. Wherever methacrylic acid is used, handled, manufactured, or stored, use explosion-proof electrical equipment and fittings.

Aqueous methacrylic acid (90%) is saturated with NaCl (to remove the bulk of the water), then the organic phase is dried with CaCl2 and distilled under vacuum. Polymerisation inhibitors should be added to the distillate and include 0.25% p-methoxyphenol, 0.1% hydroquinone, or 0.05% N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine. [Beilstein 2 IV 1518.]