General Description
SODIUM FLUORIDE(7681-49-4) is a colorless crystalline solid or white powder, or the solid dissolved in a liquid. SODIUM FLUORIDE(7681-49-4) is soluble in water. SODIUM FLUORIDE(7681-49-4) is noncombustible. SODIUM FLUORIDE(7681-49-4) is corrosive to aluminum. SODIUM FLUORIDE(7681-49-4) is used as an insecticide. SODIUM FLUORIDE(7681-49-4) is also used to fluorinate water supplies, as a wood preservative, in cleaning compounds, manufacture of glass, and for many other uses.
Reactivity Profile
SODIUM FLUORIDE reacts with acids to form corrosive and toxic, HF [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980 p. 842].
Air & Water Reactions
SODIUM FLUORIDE is soluble in water.
Hazard
Toxic by ingestion and inhalation, strong
irritant to tissue.
Health Hazard
Ingestion may cause vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, convulsions, collapse, thirst, disturbed color vision, acute toxic nephritis.
Potential Exposure
Widely used in the chemical industry; in water treatment and fluoridation of drinking water; as an insecticide, fungicide, and rodenticide; chemical cleaning; electroplating, glass manufacture; vitreous enamels; preservative for adhesives; toothpastes, disinfectant, dental prophylaxis; also used orally in the treatment of various bone diseases to increase bone density and to relieve bone pain.
Fire Hazard
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.
First aid
Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug or other inhalation therapy.
Shipping
UN1690 Sodium fluoride, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
Incompatibilities
Contact with acids release toxic gas. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides.
Description
Sodium fluoride, NaF, is a binary salt that is a clear, lustrous crystal or white powder. The insecticide grade is frequently dyed blue. It is soluble in water and has a specific gravity of 2.558, which is heavier than water. Sodium fluoride is highly toxic by ingestion and inhalation, and is also strongly irritating to tissue. The TLV is 2.5 mg/m3 of air. The four-digit UN identification number is 1690. The primary uses are fluoridation of municipal water at 1 ppm, as an insecticide, rodenticide, and fungicide, and in toothpastes and disinfectants.
Waste Disposal
In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office.
Physical properties
Colorless cubic or tetragonal crystals; density 2.78 g/cm3; melts at 993°C; vaporizes at 1,695°C; moderately soluble in water 4.22 g/100mL at 18°C; soluble in hydrofluoric acid; insoluble in ethanol.
Definition
ChEBI: A metal fluoride salt with a Na(+) counterion.
Brand name
Fluorinse (Oral-B); Minute-Gel (Oral-B); Neutra Care (Oral-B); Pediaflor (Ross).
Flammability and Explosibility
Fluorides are not combustible.
Industrial uses
Sodium fluoride is a white to yellowish powder, poorly soluble in water. The NaF solubility
in water is 3.85% at 15 °C and 4.21% at 25 °C. Commercially, NaF is obtained by
reacting hydrofluoric acid with sodium hydroxide. This reaction is a by-product during the
production of superphosphates from fluoro-apatite. Sodium fluoride is an important
depressant used exclusively during beneficiation of non-sulfide minerals, as well as the
rare-earth minerals as a depressant alone or in combination with other depressants. It is
used together with starch as co-depressant for rutile and ilmenite during zirconium–
titanium separation or during reverse silicate flotation from rutile and ilmenite with
cationic collectors. Although it is believed that Na2F is a silicate depressant, studies have
shown that it does not depress silicate minerals. In fact, it improves depression of
oxides and silicates when used with other depressants.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Sodium fluoride (NaF) prevents dental caries, by catalysing the diffusion of calcium and phosphate and remineralizes the lesions. Fluoride affects spermatogenesis and capacitation process in the female reproductive tract. Fluoride induces oxidative stress, DNA damage in ovary ultimately affects the development of oocytes. Fluoride supplementation enhances bone mineral density. 18F-NaF is a radiotracer used in positron emission tomography (PET) to identify atherosclerotic lesions and other cardiac plaques.
Clinical Use
Sodium fluoride (NaF) promotes the proliferation and activity of osteoblasts and is classified as a nonhormonal
bone-forming agent. Because treatment with NaF induces bone formation, it is essential that this therapy be
coupled with oral calcium supplementation (1,000 mg/day). Additionally, NaF exhibits moderate antiresorptive
activity, because it inhibits osteoclastic activity when it is absorbed into the bone matrix. In the treatment of
osteoporosis, the therapeutic window for this agent is fairly narrow: Doses less than 45 mg/day are
subtherapeutic, and doses in excess of 75 mg/day impair bone mineralization. In addition, the bone that is
formed in the presence of NaF is neither as well mineralized nor as strong as normal bone tissue. In fact, some
Purification Methods
Crystallise NaF from water by partial evaporation in a vacuum desiccator, or dissolve it in water, and precipitate ca half of it by adding EtOH. The precipitate is dried in an air oven at 130o for one day, and then stored in a desiccator over KOH. Its solubility in H2O is 4% at 15o and 4.3% at 25o. [Kwasnik in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 235 1963].
