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• Description

  Lithium bromide (LiBr) is the chemical compound of lithium and bromine. It has extreme hygroscopic, making it a suitable desiccant in the air conditioning systems. It can also be used in absorption chilling together with water. It is also useful in the organic synthesis such as forming adduct with some pharmaceuticals. In medical fields, it can be used as a sedative and used for the treatment of bipolar disorder. It can be manufactured by the treatment of lithium carbonate with hydrobromic acid.  ;

• Physical properties

  Lithium bromide is a white, crystalline, deliquescent solid. Aqueous solutions of lithium bromide have unusually low water vapor pressures. The following hydrates are formed: LiBr·H2O, LiBr-2H2O, LiBr-3H2O and LiBr-5H2O. All hydrates have incongruent melting points. Concentrated aqueous solutions of lithium bromide can dissolve significant quantities of polar organic substances such as cellulose. Lithium bromide, like lithium chloride, is soluble in polar organic solvents such as alcohols.
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• Uses

  Lithium bromide is used in absorption, refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. A highly concentrated solution of the salt is an efficient absorbent of water vapor. The vapor pressure of such solution is very low. Other applications include the use of the salt as a swelling agent for wool, hair and other organic fibers; as a catalyst in dehydrohalogenation reactions; and as a sedative and hypnotic in medicine. ;

• Preparation

  Lithium bromide is prepared by neutralizing lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrobromic acid, followed by concentration and crystallization:
  LiOH + HBr → LiBr + H₂O
  Li₂CO^₃ + HBr → LiBr + CO₂ + H₂O
  The salt is usually obtained as hydrates. Anhydrous lithium bromide is obtained by heating hydrated salt under vacuum. ;

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