General Description
1,1-DIFLUOROETHYLENE(75-38-7) (or vinylidene fluoride) is a colorless gas which is flammable in the ranges of 5.5 to 21%. 1,1-DIFLUOROETHYLENE(75-38-7) is toxic by inhalation and contact. 1,1-DIFLUOROETHYLENE(75-38-7) is slightly soluble in water and soluble in alcohol and ether. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.
Reactivity Profile
1,1-DIFLUOROETHYLENE is sensitive to heat. This compound is incompatible with oxidizers. 1,1-DIFLUOROETHYLENE can react violently with hydrogen chloride. Alkyl boron and alkyl hyponitrite compounds initiate polymerization. 1,1-DIFLUOROETHYLENE will form peroxides on exposure to pure oxygen. .
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.
Health Hazard
Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Some may be toxic if inhaled at high concentrations. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases.
Potential Exposure
Vinylidene fluoride is used in the
formulation of many polymers and copolymers, such as
chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinylidene fluoride (Kel F),
perfluoropropylene-vinylidene fluoride (Viton, Fluorel);
polyvinylidene fluoride; and hexafluoropropylene-tetra-fluoroethylene-
vinylidene fluoride; elastomeric copolymers. It is
also used as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis.
NIOSH has estimated 32,000 workers are exposed annually.
Fire Hazard
EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Will form explosive mixtures with air. Silane will ignite spontaneously in air. May polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.
First aid
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
20 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including
resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. If frostbite has occurred, seek medical attention
immediately; do NOT rub the affected areas or flush them
with water. In order to prevent further tissue damage, do
NOT attempt to remove frozen clothing from frostbitten
areas. If frostbite has NOT occurred, immediately and thoroughly
wash contaminated skin with soap and water.
Shipping
UN1959 Vinylidene fluoride shipped as
1,1-Difluoroethylene or Refrigerant gas R-1132a, Hazard
Class: 2.1; Labels: 2.1-Flammable gas. Cylinders must be
transported in a secure upright position, in a well-ventilated
truck. Protect cylinder and labels from physical damage.
The owner of the compressed gas cylinder is the only entity
allowed by federal law (49CFR) to transport and refill
them. It is a violation of transportation regulations to refill
compressed gas cylinders without the express written permission
of the owner.
Incompatibilities
idizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides,
permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away
from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids,
epoxides, aluminum chloride. Capable of forming
unstable peroxides, which can cause explosive polymerization.
It can re act violently with hydrogen chloride. Alkyl
boron and alkyl hyponitrite compounds initiate polymerization.
It will form peroxides on exposure to pure oxygen.
May accumulate static electricity, and cause ignition of its
vapors.
Chemical Properties
Colorless gas; faint ethereal odor. Slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol
and ether.
Chemical Properties
Vinylidene fluoride is a colorless gas. Faint
ethereal odor. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.
Waste Disposal
Return refillable compressed
gas cylinders to supplier.
Definition
ChEBI: Vinylidene fluoride is an organofluorine compound and an olefinic compound.
Environmental Fate
Oxidative metabolism of 1,1-Difluoroethylene is mediated by
the hepatic microsomal monooxygenase to form epoxide and
the inactivation of hemeprotein.
Toxicity evaluation
1,1-Difluoroethylene is a colorless gas. It is slightly soluble in
water, but soluble in organic solvents such as alcohol and
ether. Its boiling point is -85°C, melting point is -144°C,
specific gravity is 0.617 g cm-3, and vapor pressure is
3.0×104 mm Hg. Its octane/water partition coefficient is 1.24
and Henry’s law constant is 0.4 atm-m3 mol-1.
Production and use of 1,1-Difluoroethylene result in its
release to the environment through various waste streams. It
has medium mobility in soil and degrades in soil. It volatilizes
from the contaminated water. Aquatic bioconcentration and
adsorption to sediment are not very significant. As a gas form in
the atmosphere, it reacts with photochemically produced
hydroxyl radicals and degrades.
Toxics Screening Level
The current ITSL for vinylidene fluoride (30 μg/m3) has a justification (attached) dated November 6, 2003.
