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7440-06-4

Name Platinum
CAS 7440-06-4
EINECS(EC#) 231-116-1
Molecular Formula Pt
MDL Number MFCD00011179
Molecular Weight 195.08
MOL File 7440-06-4.mol

Chemical Properties

Appearance Platinum is a soft, ductile, malleable, silverwhite metal. It is found in the metallic form and as the arsenide, sperrylite. It forms complex soluble salts, such as Na2PtCl6. It also forms halides. Metallic platinum is insoluble in water. Platinum(IV) chloride is red-brown crystals or powder.
Melting point  1772 °C (lit.)
Boiling point  3827 °C (lit.)
density  21.45 g/cm 3 (lit.)
refractive index  n20/D 1.347
Fp  3825°C
storage temp.  Flammables area
solubility  Soluble in hot aqua regia.
form  wire
color  White
Specific Gravity 21.45
Stability: Stable. Platinum black is highly flammable.
Resistivity 10.6 μΩ-cm, 20°C
Water Solubility  Insoluble
Merck  14,7529
Dielectric constant 6.5(Ambient)
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 1 mg/m3
OSHA: TWA 0.002 mg/m3
NIOSH: TWA 1 mg/m3
InChIKey BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
History Discovered in South America by Ulloa in 1735 and by Wood in 1741. Platinum was used by pre-Columbian Indians. Platinum occurs native, accompanied by small quantities of iridium, osmium, palladium, ruthenium, and rhodium, all belonging to the same group of metals. These are found in the alluvial deposits of the Ural mountains and in Columbia. Sperrylite (PtAs2), occurring with the nickel-bearing deposits of Sudbury, Ontario, is a source of a considerable amount of metal. The large production of nickel offsets there being only one part of the platinum metals in two million parts of ore. The largest supplier of the platinum group of metals is now South Africa, followed by Russia and Canada. Platinum is a beautiful silvery-white metal, when pure, and is malleable and ductile. It has a coefficient of expansion almost equal to that of soda–lime–silica glass, and is therefore used to make sealed electrodes in glass systems. The metal does not oxidize in air at any temperature, but is corroded by halogens, cyanides, sulfur, and caustic alkalis. It is insoluble in hydrochloric and nitric acid, but dissolves when they are mixed as aqua regia, forming chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6), an important compound. Natural platinum contains six isotopes, one of which, 190Pt, is radioactive with a long half-life. Thirtyseven other radioactive isotopes and isomers are recognized. The metal is used extensively in jewelry, wire, and vessels for laboratory use, and in many valuable instruments including thermocouple elements. It is also used for electrical contacts, corrosion-resistant apparatus, and in dentistry. Platinum–cobalt alloys have magnetic properties. One such alloy made of 76.7% Pt and 23.3% Co, by weight, is an extremely powerful magnet that offers a B-H (max) almost twice that of Alnico V. Platinum resistance wires are used for constructing hightemperature electric furnaces. The metal is used for coating missile nose cones, jet engine fuel nozzles, etc., which must perform reliably for long periods of time at high temperatures. The metal, like palladium, absorbs large volumes of hydrogen, retaining it at ordinary temperatures but giving it up at red heat. In the finely divided state platinum is an excellent catalyst, having long been used in the contact process for producing sulfuric acid. It is also used as a catalyst in cracking petroleum products. There is also much current interest in the use of platinum as a catalyst in fuel cells and in its use as antipollution devices for automobiles. Platinum anodes are extensively used in cathodic protection systems for large ships and ocean-going vessels, pipelines, steel piers, etc. Pure platinum wire will glow red hot when placed in the vapor of methyl alcohol. It acts here as a catalyst, converting the alcohol to formaldehyde. This phenomenon has been used commercially to produce cigarette lighters and hand warmers. Hydrogen and oxygen explode in the presence of platinum. The price of platinum has varied widely; more than a century ago it was used to adulterate gold. It was nearly eight times as valuable as gold in 1920. The price in January 2002 was about $430/troy oz. ($15/g), higher than the price of gold.
Uses
Platinum is a white noble metal that looks very much like metallic silver found in copper ore. The name platinum comes from the Spanish word plata, meaning silver. Platinum compounds were used in the platinum printing process and for toning silver images.
CAS DataBase Reference 7440-06-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference Platinum(7440-06-4)
EPA Substance Registry System 7440-06-4(EPA Substance)

Safety Data

Hazard Codes  F,Xi,Xn
Risk Statements 
R11:Highly Flammable.
R37:Irritating to the respiratory system.
R20:Harmful by inhalation.
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin .
R36/37:Irritating to eyes and respiratory system .
Safety Statements 
S36:Wear suitable protective clothing .
S7/9:Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place .
S33:Take precautionary measures against static discharges .
S16:Keep away from sources of ignition-No smoking .
S38:In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment .
S22:Do not breathe dust .
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice .
S14:Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer) .
S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection .
S27:Take off immediately all contaminated clothing .
S24/25:Avoid contact with skin and eyes .
RIDADR  UN 3264 8/PG 3
WGK Germany  3
RTECS  TP2160000
TSCA  Yes
HazardClass  4.1
PackingGroup  III
HS Code  28439000
Safety Profile
Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data by implant route. Finely divided platinum is a powerful catalyst and can be dangerous to handle. Used catalysts are especially dangerous and may be explosive. May undergo hazardous reactions with aluminum, acetone, arsenic, carbon + methanol, nitrosyl chloride, dioxygen difluoride, ethanol, hydrazine, hydrogen + air, hydrogen peroxide, lithium, methyl hydroperoxide, ozonides, peroxpmonosulfuric acid, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, vanadium dichloride + water. See also PLATINUM COMPOUNDS.
Hazardous Substances Data 7440-06-4(Hazardous Substances Data)
IDLA 4 mg Pt/m3

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