Potential Exposure
Esfenvalerate is a synthetic pyrethroid
Insecticide used to control wide range of pests such as
moths, flies, beetles, and other insects. It is used on
vegetable crops (soya beans, sugar cane), tree fruit, cotton,
maize, sorghum and nut crops, and noncrop lands. It also isused on a wide variety of household pests. It is usually
mixed with a wide variety of other types of pesticides such
as carbamate compounds or organophosphates and has the
naturally occurring compound fenvalerate for use in the
United States Esfenvalerate is almost identical to fenvalerate.
Much of the data for fenvalerate is applicable to the pesticide esfenvalerate (E:0207) because the two compounds contain the same components. The only differences in the two
products are the relative proportions of the four separate constituents (isomers). Esfenvalerate has become the preferred
compound because it requires lower applications rates than
fenvalerate, is less chronically toxic, and is a more powerful
insecticide. A United States Environmental Protection
Agency Restricted Use Pesticide (RUP).
Incompatibilities: Oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides,
permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
etc.); strong acids. Moisture may cause hydrolysis/
decomposition.
First aid
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. If
this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure, begin
rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if breathing
has stopped, and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer
promptly to a medical facility. When this chemical has been
swallowed, get medical attention. Do not induce vomiting
when formulations containing petroleum solvents are
ingested. Otherwise, give large quantities of water and induce
vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Shipping
UN3349 Pyrethroid pesticide, solid toxic,
Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous material. UN3352
Pyrethroid pesticide, liquid toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials
Incompatibilities
Oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides,
permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
etc.); strong acids. Moisture may cause hydrolysis/
decomposition.
Chemical Properties
Viscous yellow or amber liquid or white or
amber crystalline solid.
Waste Disposal
Incineration would be an
effective disposal procedure where permitted. If an efficient
incinerator is not available, the product should be mixed
with large amounts of combustible material and contact
with the smoke should be avoided. In accordance with
40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of
pesticides and pesticide containers
Uses
Esfenvalerate is the most potent insecticidal isomer of Fenvalerate (F279450), a pyrethroid insecticide used to control insects from food crops, animal feed and cotton products.
Uses
Esfenvalerate possesses a broad range of insecticidal activity and it
is used on cotton, fruit, vegetables and other crops.
Definition
ChEBI:Esfenvalerate is a fenvalerate. It has a role as a pyrethroid ester insecticide and an agrochemical.
Production Methods
Esfenvalerate is commercially produced through stereoselective synthesis of the active (S)-isomer of fenvalerate, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. The process involves esterification of (S)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol with (2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyric acid. This reaction yields esfenvalerate, which is more biologically active than the racemic mixture found in fenvalerate.
Agricultural Uses
Insecticide: A U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP).
Esfenvalerate is a synthetic insecticide used to control a
wide range of pests such as moths, flies, beetles, and other
insects. It is used on vegetable crops (soya beans, sugar
cane), tree fruit, cotton, maize, sorghum and nut crops, and
non-crop lands. It also is used on a wide variety of household
pests. It is usually mixed with a wide variety of other
types of pesticides such as carbamate compounds or organophosphates
and has the naturally occurring compound
fenvalerate for use in the U.S. Esfenvalerate is almost
identical to fenvalerate. Much of the data for fenvalerate
is applicable to the pesticide esfenvalerate because the two
compounds contain the same components. The only differences
in the two products are the relative proportions of
the four separate constituents (isomers). Esfenvalerate has
become the preferred compound because it requires lower
application rates than fenvalerate, is less chronically toxic,
and is a more powerful insecticide.
Trade name
AMERICARE®; ASANA®; ASANA-XL®;
ASANA® DPX-YB656-84; ENFORCER®; EVERCIDE®;
HALMARK®; OMS-3023®; S-1844®; S-5602 ALPHA®;
SUMI-ALFA®; SUMI-ALPHA®; SS-PYDRIN®;
SUMICIDIN A-ALPHA®
Mechanism of action
Contact and stomach action. Sodium channel modulator.
Environmental Fate
Chemical/Physical. May hydrolyze in aqueous solutions forming acetic acid and other
compounds.
Metabolic pathway
Esfenvalerate is the 2SαS-isomer of fenvalerate (which is racemic). It possesses
some small differences in physical properties when compared with
the racemate. Overall, the degradation and metabolism of the two compounds
are very similar. Reference should be made to the fenvalerate
entry. An important exception, which is discussed fully in the latter entry,
is that esfenvalerate does not form the cholesterol ester conjugate that
has been shown to be responsible for granulomatous changes in several
tissues on repeated dosing of fenvalerate.
Degradation
Esfenvalerate is hydrolysed in aqueous alkali to its constituent acid and
alcohol; the latter decomposes to 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde and cyanide
ion as described for fenvalerate and cypermethrin. Photodecomposition
occurs as for fenvalerate.
Pesticide Type
Insecticide
