Chemical Properties
Clear, colorless, flammable, watery liquid with a mild aliphatic hydrocarbon odor resembling
hexane.
Uses
2,3,4-Trimethylpentane (2,3,4- tmp) is an isomeric compound of octane with an EC50 of 16.3 mM for 2,3,4- tmp.It can be used for its infrared spectroscopic studies and for biological activity studies such as the urinary metabolites of the potent nephrotoxic hydrocarbons 2,3,4- tmp in Fischer-344 male rats by gavage. Study. In addition, exposure of rat renal proximal tubules to 2,3,4-tmp resulted in structural changes that caused increased mitochondrial swelling, increased vesiculation, decreased microvilli and nuclear shrinkage[1-3].
Definition
ChEBI: 2,3,4-trimethylpentane is an alkane that is pentane substituted by a methyl group at positions 2,3 and 4. It is a constituent of gasoline. It has a role as a mammalian metabolite and a nephrotoxic agent. It is an alkane and a volatile organic compound.
General Description
Kinetics and mechanism of reaction of OH radicals with 2,3,4-trimethylpentane in the presence of NO has been investigated. Kinetics of reactions of C6H5 radical with 2,3,4-trimethylpentane has been measured by cavity ringdown spectrometry.
Source
Schauer et al. (1999) reported 2,3,4-trimethylpentane in a diesel-powered medium-duty
truck exhaust at an emission rate of 310 μg/km.
California Phase II reformulated gasoline contained 2,3,4-trimethylpentane at a concentration of
13.0 g/kg. Gas-phase tailpipe emission rates from gasoline-powered automobiles with and without
catalytic converters were 2.51 and 412 mg/km, respectively (Schauer et al., 2002).
Environmental Fate
Photolytic. Atkinson (1990) reported a rate constant of 7.0 x 10-12 cm3/molecule?sec for the
reaction of 2,3,4-trimethylpentane and OH radicals in the atmosphere at 298 K. Based on this
reaction rate constant, the estimated lifetime is 20 h (Altshuller, 1991).
Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air produces carbon dioxide and water vapor.
2,3,4-Trimethylpentane will not hydrolyze because it does not contain a hydrolyzable functional
group.
References
[1] G.A. CROWDER; Lorelei G. Vibrational analysis of 2,3,4-trimethylpentane and 2,3,4-trimethylhexane[J]. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1984. DOI:10.1016/0022-2860(84)85188-1.
[2] CARL T. OLSON . The metabolism of 2,3,4-trimethylpentane in male fischer-344 rats[J]. Toxicology letters, 1987. DOI:10.1016/0378-4274(87)90132-9.
[3] N.J. DELRASO; C. S G; D R Mattie. Lack of detectable metabolism for solubilized 2,3,4-trimethylpentane by rat kidney proximal tubules[J]. Toxicology letters, 1990. DOI:10.1016/0378-4274(90)90201-V.
