General Description
Crystals or off-white flakes.
Reactivity Profile
TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE(552-30-7) reacts exothermically with water. This reaction is expected to be slow, but can become vigorous if local heating accelerates it. Reaction with water is accelerated by acids. Incompatible with acids, strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, amines, and bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids or strong bases. .
Air & Water Reactions
Sensitive to moisture. Hydrolyzes slowly. Solutions in water or alcohol may be unstable. Insoluble in water.
Potential Exposure
TMA is used to produce trimellitate
plasticizers, poly (amide-imide) polymers; in paints, enamels,
and coatings; polymers, polyesters; as a curing agent for
epoxy and other resins; in vinyl plasticizers; agricultural chemicals;
dyes and pigments; pharmaceuticals, surface active
agents; modifiers, intermediates, and specialty chemicals.
Fire Hazard
This chemical is combustible.
First aid
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including
resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical
attention. Give large quantities of water and induce
vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Medical observation is recommended for 24-48 hours after
breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be
delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or
authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug or
other inhalation therapy.
Incompatibilities
Dust can cause an explosion.
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides,
permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away
from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids,
epoxides. Reacts slowly with water, forming trimellitic
acid. Compounds of the carboxyl group react with all
bases, both inorganic and organic (i.e., amines) releasing
substantial heat, water and a salt that may be harmful.
Chemical Properties
Trimellitic anhydride is a crystalline solid. It
is the anhydride of trimellitic acid (1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic
acid).
Chemical Properties
white crystalline powder,combustible.
Waste Disposal
Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator
equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal,
state, and local environmental regulations must be
observed.
Uses
In the preparation of resins, adhesives, polymers, dyes, printing inks.
Uses
Trimellitic anhydride is mainly applied to produce good heat-proof, weather-proof and solvent-proof trimellitate plasticizers, among which the most popular product is tri(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate. It is also used to synthesize polyester resins.TMA can also be applied to curing agent of epoxy resins.
Uses
Trimellitic Anhydride is mainly used as raw material for polyester resin,polyimide resin,plasticizer TOTM ,and also be used for producing heatproof & insulating,adhesive,surfactant, paint,synthesize dye materials etc.
Trimellitic anhydride is used as an embossing agent for vinyl flooring and as a curing agent for epoxy resins. It is also used as an intermediate for the synthesis of surface coatings chemicals, adhesives, polymers, dyes printing inks, pharmaceuticals .
Definition
ChEBI: A 2-benzofuran compound having oxo groups at the 1- and 3-positions and a carboxy substituent at the 5-position; the cyclic anhydride formed from the carboxy groups at the 1- and 2-positions of trimellitic acid.
Hazard
Toxic by inhalation. Respiratory sensitization.
Health Hazard
Trimellitic anhydride (TMAN)
causes both respiratory irritation and immunologic
respiratory disease.
Flammability and Explosibility
Nonflammable(100%)
Synthesis
3-Xylene is carbonylated with carbon monoxide in the presence of boron trifluoride and hydrogen fluoride to form 2,4-dimethylbenzaldehyde. 2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde is decomplexed from the acids, purified, and oxidized to trimellitic acid. Trimellitic acid is subjected to normal dehydration and purification steps to obtain high quality trimellitic anhydride.
Carcinogenicity
There are no reports of carcinogenicity
associated with TMAN exposure. It was not
mutagenic in bacterial assays with or without
metabolic activation. No teratogenic effects
or developmental toxicity was seen in rats
or guinea pigs exposed to 500mg/m3 for
6 hours/day during their period of major
organogenesis.
References
[1] Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1886, vol. 233, p. 226
[2] Journal of the Chemical Society, 1886, vol. 49, p. 518
[3] Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1874, vol. 172, p. 94
[4] Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1873, vol. 166, p. 338,346
[5] Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1890, vol. 258, p. 205
