General Description
Colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor. Used in pharmaceutical and polymer synthesis.
Reactivity Profile
Toxic gas (hydrogen chloride) is released when the compound is heated above 266 F. When heated to decomposition, PROPIONITRILE, 3-CHLORO-emits very toxic fumes of chlorine-containing compounds and nitrogen oxides. Avoid heat. [EPA, 1998].
Hazard
Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin
contact. Combustible.
Health Hazard
Toxic effects are a result of systemic cyanide poisoning. (Non-Specific--Cyanide) Few poisons are more rapidly lethal. Average oral lethal dose for hydrogen cyanide is approximately 60-90 mg (corresponds to 200 mg of potassium cyanide). Cause of death is lack of oxygen to the body's cells (especially the brain and heart) as a result of the chemical inhibiting cell enzymes.
Potential Exposure
This material is used in pharmaceutical manufacture and in polymer synthesis.
Fire Hazard
Toxic gas (hydrogen chloride) is released when the compound is heated above 266F. When heated to decomposition, PROPIONITRILE, 3-CHLORO-emits very toxic fumes of chlorine-containing compounds and nitrogen oxides. Avoid heat.
First aid
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a Medical facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit. Use amyl nitrate capsules if symptoms develop. All area employees should be trained regularly in emergency measures for cyanide poisoning and in CPR. A cyanide antidote kit should be kept in the immediate work area and must be rapidly available. Kit ingredients should be replaced every 12 years to ensure freshness. Persons trained in the use of this kit; oxygen use, and CPR must be quickly available.
Shipping
UN3276 Nitriles, liquid, toxic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required, Potential Inhalation Hazard (Special Provision 5).
Incompatibilities
Contact with strong oxidizers may cause a fire and explosion hazard
Description
3-Chloropropionitrile is a combustible, colorless liquid with an acrid odor. Molecular weight =89.53;Boiling point=175-176℃ (decomposes); Flashpoint =76℃. Hazard Identification (based on NFPA-704 MRating System): Flammability 2, Reactivity 1
Chemical Properties
3-Chloropropionitrile is a combustible, colorless liquid with an acrid odor
Uses
In pharmaceutical and polymer synthesis. Combines the reactivity of a nitrile and an alkyl halide. Because of the cyano group the chlorine atom is more reactive than in ordinary alkyl halides.
Production Methods
3-Chloropropionitrile [542-76-7], 3-chloropropanenitrile, b-chloropropionitrile, ClCH2 CH2CN, Mr 89.53, mp-51℃, bp 175 –176℃ (101.3 kPa), n20D 1.4360, d204 1.1573, is a colorless liquid miscible with acetone, benzene, ethanol and diethyl ether. It can be obtained by hydrochlorination of acrylonitrile with hydrochloric acid [49] and is used as an organic intermediate in the synthesis of the H2-receptor famotidine.
storage
Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with thischemical you should be trained on its proper handling andstorage. Before entering confined space where 3-chloropropionitrile may be present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration does not exist. Store in tightly closedcontainers in a cool, well-ventilated area. Metal containersinvolving the transfer of this chemical should be groundedand bonded. Where possible, automatically pump liquidfrom drums or other storage containers to process containers. Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use onlynonsparking tools and equipment, especially when openingand closing containers of this chemical. Sources of ignition,such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where thischemical is used, handled, or stored in a manner that couldcreate a potential fire or explosion hazard.
