Chrysophanol is an anthraquinone that has been found in
R. palmatum and has diverse biological activities.
1,2,3 It induces necrosis in J5 human liver cancer cells when used at concentrations of 25, 50, 75, 100, and 200 μM.
2 Chrysophanol (5, 10, and 50 μM) reduces LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E
2 (PGE
2; Item No.
14010) and inhibits LPS-induced DNA oxidation in BV-2 microglia.
3 In vivo, chrysophanol (5 mg/kg) decreases colonic levels of IL-6 and activation of NF-κB and reduces weight loss, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding in a mouse model of colitis induced by dextran sulfate (DSS; Item No.
23250).
4 Chrysophanol (0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg) increases survival, reduces brain tissue loss, and ameliorates motor balance deficits in a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).
5 
