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Some applications include the use of neutral Ir-based complexes in OLED structures and cationic Ir complexes in light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEC).

Cyclometalated Ir complexes are good phosphorescent emitters. The strong spin-orbit coupling in the ir complex leads to phosphorescent lifetimes in the 1-10 μs range,high phosphorescent efficiencies at room temperature, and good color tunability of the emission energy.

The applications of such Ir complexes are based on the fact that neutral Ir based complexes consist of distinct carrier transporting/blocking and emitting layers. Single active layer in cationic Ir complexes is responsible for both carrier transport and light emission. Studies on anionic Ir are mainly focused on their photophysics.