Description
Guggulsterone-(Z) (39025-23-5) is a natural steroid from?Commiphora mukul?extract (guggulipid) which lowers cholesterol and acts as an FXR antagonist.1?Attenuates astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation.2? Induces differentiation of pluripotent stem cells to dopaminergic neurons.3 Produces antidepressant-like effects via activation of the BDNF signaling pathway in mouse models.4
Uses
Z-Guggulsterone acts as an α-glucosidase inhibitor also known as a hypolipidemic agent.
Definition
ChEBI: Guggulsterone is a 3-hydroxy steroid. It has a role as an androgen.
Biological Activity
Broad spectrum steroid receptor ligand; mineralocorticoid, progesterone and glucocorticoid receptor antagonist (K i values are 37, 224 and 252 nM respectively) and weak androgen receptor agonist (K i = 315 nM). Induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and inhibits angiogenesis via suppression of the VEGF-VEGFR2-Akt signalling pathway. Exhibits antilipidemic activity via antagonism of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and displays antiseptic, antirheumatic and anti-inflammatory activity in vivo . More active isomer of Guggulsterone (Pregna-4,17(20)-diene-3,16-dione ).
Biochem/physiol Actions
(Z)-Guggulsterone is a natural product that lowers cholesterol due to its function as an antagonist ligand for the bile acid receptor. (Z)-Guggulsterone is a nuclear hormone receptor that regulates the transcription of several genes involved in cholesterol metabolism and plays a role in cholesterol level regulation. (Z)-Guggulsterone is also a selective farnesoid X receptor (FXR) modulator.
References
1) Urizar?et al.?(2002),?A Natural Product That Lowers Cholesterol as an Antagonist Ligand for FXR; Science,?296?1703
2) Liu?et al.?(2018),?Z-Guggulsterone attenuates astrocytes-mediated neuroinflammation after ischemia by inhibiting toll-like receptor 4 pathway; J. Neurochem.,?147?803
3) Agbay?et al.?(2018),?Guggulsterone-releasing Microspheres Direct the Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Into Neural Phenotypes; Biomed. Mater.,?13?034104
4) Liu?et al.?(2017),?Z-Guggulsterone Produces Antidepressant-Like Effects in Mice through Activation of the BDNF Signaling Pathway; Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol.,?20?485
