Chemical Properties
white powder
Uses
Non-selective adrenergic agonist; decongestant (nasal).
Controlled precursor.
Definition
ChEBI: A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of pseudoephedrine.
Brand name
Efidac (ALZA); Novafed (Sanofi Aventis);
Sudafed (GlaxoSmithKline); Sudafed (Warner Lambert).
Biological Activity
Trefoil factor 1 is a protein encoded by the TFF1 gene in humans. The proteins are small secretory proteins characterized by three intra-chain disulfide bonds forming the trefoil motif or P-domain. It is abundantly expressed on mucosal surfaces and especially within the gastrointestinal tract. The protein belongs to highly conserved proteins th at play an essential role in epithelial regeneration within the gastrointestinal tract. Its expression is strongly induced after mucosal injury and may function as a gastric tumor suppressor gene. It is expressed in various types of carcinomas including breast cancer. The gene contains an estrogen response element and its expression can be regulated by estrogen. Increased expression of this gene is found to be associated with tumor progression in some tumors and missense mutations in the gene have been detected in gastric cancer.
Clinical Use
Nasal decongestant
Drug interactions
Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Adrenergic neurone blockers: antagonise hypotensive
effect of adrenergic neurone blockers.
Anaesthetics: increased risk of ventricular
arrhythmias with isoflurane.
Antibacterials: risk of hypertensive crisis with
linezolid.
Antidepressants: risk of hypertensive crisis with
MAOIs and moclobemide.
Dopaminergics: avoid concomitant use with
selegiline and rasagiline.
Metabolism
A small amount of pseudoephedrine is hepatically
metabolised by N-demethylation.
It is excreted largely unchanged in the urine with small
amounts of its hepatic metabolite.
Purification Methods
1S,2S-Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride [345-78-8] M 210.7, m 181-182o, 185-188o, [ + 6 1o (c 1 H2O). Crystallise the salt from EtOH. [Beilstein 13 IV 1878.]
