Description
IBMX (28822-58-4) is a pan-specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterases (IC50=2-50 μM). Inhibition of PDEs leads to increased concentration of intracellular cAMP which activates PKA.2?IBMX does not inhibit PDE8 or PDE9.3?Weak adenosine receptor antagonist.4
Chemical Properties
White Needles with Yellow Cast
Uses
3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine is used in inhibition of phenylephrine-induced release of 5-hydroxytryptamine from neuroendocrine epithelial cells of the airway mucosa (IC50 = 1.3 uM). Also inhibits ion channels in the neuromuscular junction, GH3 cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Inhibits the growth of carcinoma cells both in vivo and in vitro in mice.
Uses
A nonspecific inhibitor of phosphodiesterases
Uses
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
Definition
ChEBI: 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-9H-xanthine is a 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. It is functionally related to a 9H-xanthine. It is a tautomer of a 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-7H-xanthine.
General Description
3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine/IBMX is a non-selective, non-specific inhibitor of cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterases. IBMX can induce melanogenesis, and can be used as a positive control in melanogenesis research. In oocyte research, IBMX assists in maintaining the germinal vesicle (GV) arrest of prophase I oocytes.
Biological Activity
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor (IC 50 values are 13, 18, 19, 32 and 50 μ M for PDE4, PDE3, PDE1, PDE5 and PDE2 respectively). Suppresses α -adrenoceptor-mediated 5-HT release from neuroendocrine epithelial cells (IC 50 = 1.3 μ M).
Biochem/physiol Actions
The increase in cAMP level as a result of phosphodiesterase inhibition by IBMX activates PKA, leading to decreased proliferation, increased differentiation, and induction of apoptosis. IBMX inhibits phenylephrine-induced release of 5-hydroxytryptamine from neuroendocrine epithelial cells of the airway mucosa (IC50: 1.3 μM). IBMX also serves as an adenosine receptor antagonist. IBMX has been shown to inhibit ion channels in the neuromuscular junction, GH3 cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. IBMX induces calcium release from intracellular stores in sensory neurons.
Purification Methods
Recrystallise it from aqueous EtOH. [Beilstein 26
References
1) Beavo et al. (1970), Effects of xanthine derivatives on lipolysis and on adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate phosphodiesterase activity; Mol. Pharmacol., 6 597
2) Tomes et al. (1993), Isobutylmethylxanthine and other classical cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors affect cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity; Cell Signal., 5 615
3) Soderling et al. (2000), Regulation of cAMP and cGMP signaling: new phosphodiesterases and new functions; Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 12 174
4) Daly et al. (1987), Adenosine receptors: development of selective agonists and antagonists; Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., 230 41
