2540-82-1

Viscous yellow oil or a crystalline mass. Used as an insecticide and acaricide on crops and ornamentals. Not presently produced commercially in the U.S.

Organophosphates, such as FORMOTHION(2540-82-1), are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.

hydrolyzed by water especially under alkaline conditions. [EPA, 1998].

Cholinesterase inhibitor.

Formothion is one of the least toxic systemic organophosphates. Formothion is a compound of low to moderate toxicity. It causes the depression of cholinesterase, leading to accumulation of acetylcholine in the nervous system, which is believed to be responsible for the symptoms.

Formothion is an insecticide and acar icide for use on crops and ornamentals. Formothion is not currently produced commercially in the U.S.

When heated to decomposition, FORMOTHION emits very toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides, phosphorus oxides and sulfur oxides. This compound is an organophosphorus insecticide. Some of these materials may burn but none of them ignite readily. Container may explode in heat of fire. Fire and runoff from fire control water may produce irritating or poisonous gases. Avoid alkaline pesticides; hydrolyzed by water especially under alkaline conditions.

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and water. Speed in removing material from skin is of extreme importance. Shampoo hair promptly if con taminated. Speed in removing the material form the skin is of extreme importance. Seek medical attention immedi ately. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from expo sure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit. Keep victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Effects may be delayed; keep victim under observation.

UN3018 Organophosphorus pesticides, liquid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.

Strong oxidizers may cause release of toxic phosphorus oxides. Organophosphates, in the pres ence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides, may form highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas. Keep away from alkaline materials.

Formothion is a pale yellow liquid or crystalline mass, decomposes on distillation, mp 25–26 ?C, vp 0.113 mPa (20 ?C). It is poorly soluble in water (2.6 g/L at 24 ?C) and miscible with most organic solvents, except aliphatic hydrocarbons. Log Kow = 1.47. Formothion is hydrolyzed in aqueous media to dimethoate (activation) and dimethoate carboxylic acid (degradation): DT₅₀ (23 ?C) at pH 3–9 is less than 1 d.

Formothion is an odorless, yellowish viscous oil or crystalline mass.

Yellow liquid.Insoluble in water; miscible with common organic solvents.

In accordance with 40CFR 165 recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by follow ing package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office.

Acaricide, systemic insecticide.

Formothion is used to control sucking pests and internally feeding larvae in a variety of crops.

ChEBI: Formothion is a dicarboximide.

Formothion is commercially produced through esterification and thiophosphorylation reactions involving dimethylthiophosphoric acid and formamide derivatives. It begins with the preparation of O,O-dimethyl dithiophosphoric acid, which is typically obtained by reacting phosphorus pentasulfide with methanol. This intermediate is then reacted with formamide or a substituted formamide under controlled conditions to form the active ester compound. The reaction involves thiophosphorylation, where the sulphur-containing phosphorus group is bonded to the nitrogen-containing formamide moiety. The process is carried out in organic solvents such as toluene or xylene, under reflux and with acid or base catalysts to optimise yield.

Insecticide, Acaricide: Formothion is a systemic and contact insecticide used to control spider mites, aphids, psyllids, mealy bugs, whiteflies, jassids, leaf miners, ermine moths, and fruit flies. It is used on tree fruits, vines, olives, hops, cereals, sugar cane, rice. Formothion is available as an emulsifiable concentrate and an ultra-low-volume spray. A U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP). Not approved for use in EU countries

AFLIX®; ANTHIO®; ANTIO®; CP 53926®; S 6900®; SAN 244 I®; SAN 6913 I®; SAN 71071®; SPENCER S-6900®; VEL 4284®

Systemic with contact action. Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitor.

Formothion is broken down in aqueous solution to approximately equal amounts of dimethoate and dimethoate carboxylic acid, the first of which is an activation step and the latter a degradative one. All studies which have investigated the fate of formothion in biological systems have identified these two metabolites but there is evidence that their formation is purely base-catalysed and not enzyme-catalysed. In this respect, the amide group of formothion is much more labile than that of dimethoate since dimethoate carboxylic acid has only been reported in metabolic studies and is not formed by base-catalysed hydrolysis of dimethoate.

Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with thischemical you should be trained on its proper handling andstorage. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, wellventilated area away from alkaline materials. Wherepossible, automatically pump liquid from drums or otherstorage containers to process containers.

Formothion is hydrolysed by water to dimethoate (2) and dimethoate carboxylic acid (3). Dilute solutions in non-polar organic solvents are stable (PM). El-Oshar and Dauterman (1977) investigated the hydrolysis of [O-¹⁴C-methyl]formothion in 1.0 M phosphate buffer at pH values between 5.5 and 8.0 at 37 °C. The amounts of unchanged formothion and products were assessed after 30 min. At all pH values the amounts of dimethoate (2) and dimethoate carboxylic acid (3) were approximately equal, indicating that the rate of attack by the hydroxyl ion was equal at both carbonyl groups. The rate of hydrolysis was pH dependent with 16.4% hydrolysis at pH 5.5, 65.2% hydrolysis at pH 7.0 and 96.7% hydrolysis at pH 8.0 after 30 min. The route leading to dimethoate carboxylic acid would yield N-methylformamide (4) as the additional product. A suggested route for the base-catalysed hydrolysis of formothion is shown in Scheme 1.

The acute oral LD₅₀ for rats is 365–500 mg/kg. Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats is 3.2 mg/L air. NOEL (2 y) for rats is 80 mg/kg diet (4 mg/kg/d). ADI is 0.02 mg/kg b.w.

Insecticide; Acaricide