Description
AlPcS4 , also known as aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate Chloroaluminum tetrasulfophthalocyanine; or AlS4Pc, AlPcS4(a), is a potent photosensitizer, and is potentially useful in cancer sonodynamic therapy and cancer photodynamic therapy. Aluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate is a mixture of regional isomers, in which sulfonate group can be in 3- or 4- position in phenyl ring. Aluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate is also a Coloring Agent; Dermatologic Agent; Fluorescent Dye; Indicators and Reagent; Luminescent Agent; Photosensitizing Agent; Radiation-Sensitizing Agent.
in vitro
The synergistic antitumor growth effect of AlPcS4/PDT (photodynamic therapy) and low?dose chemotherapeutic agents on gastric cancer cells was investigated and compared by combining AlPcS4/PDT treatment with different low?dose chemotherapeutic agents, namely, 5?fluorouracil (5?FU), doxorubicin (DOX), cisplatin (CDDP), mitomycin C (MMC), and vincristine (VCR). The inhibitory effect was increased in treatments that combined AlPcS4/PDT with all the low?dose chemotherapeutic agents. An evident synergistic effect was obtained in the combination treatment of AlPcS4/PDT with low?dose 5?FU, DOX, and MMC by increasing AlPcS4 intracellular uptake ability, improving apoptosis?inducing abilities, and prolonging apoptosis?inducing time. The low?dose chemotherapeutic agents prolonged the apoptosis?inducing period of AlPcS4/PDT, and AlPcS4/PDT quickly improved apoptosis?inducing abilities of chemotherapy even at low doses. Generally, the combination treatment of AlPcS4/PDT with low?dose chemotherapeutic agents had significant antitumor growth effects in addition to a low dark?cytotoxicity effect on gastric cancer in vitro._x000D_
_x000D_
Reference: Oncol Rep. 2018 Jul;40(1):165-178. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6059740/
in vivo
C57/B1 mice received 2 x 10(5) B16 melanoma cells subcutaneously and were randomized into study (PDT) and three control groups. AlpcS4 2.5 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally and the mice were exposed to light (100 J/cm2). PDT caused massive tumor necrosis. PDT prolonged the survival of mice (41 +/- 13.4 days) compared to controls (15.8 +/- 3.8 days, P < .001). 31 days after injection with B16 cells, the tumor size was 2.6 +/- 0.3 cm in the control group and 1.6 +/- 0.2, 0.9 +/- 0.3, and 1.0 +/- 0.4 cm in the PDT groups (days 3, 6 and 12, respectively; P < .01). PDT increased skin temperature to 42.8 degrees C +/- 1.3 degrees C, 45.3 degrees C +/- 3.5 degrees C, and 51.7 degrees C +/- 2.7 degrees C at 40, 60, and 100 J/cm2, respectively (P < .01). Overall, photodynamic therapy was found to have significant effects in experimental melanoma in mice._x000D_
_x000D_
Reference: Ann Surg Oncol. 1998 Apr-May;5(3):241-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9607626/
target
AlPcS4 is a photosensitizer.
