1405-20-5

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Questions And Answer

• Indications

  Polymyxin B sulfate is similar with polymyxin E, and has either bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect on various kinds of gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli deputy, Klebsiella pneumoniae, acidophilus, Bordetella pertussis and Shigella dysentery. It is mainly applied to the treatment of infection in wounds, the urinary tract, eyes, ears, and bronchus caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other kinds of pseudomonas. It can also be applied for treating sepsis, peritonitis, and severe infection caused by aminoglycoside-resistant, third generation cephalosporins-resistant bacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa or other sensitive strains, such as bacteremia, endocarditis, pneumonia, and burn infection. ;

• Dosage

  1. Intravenous injection: Adults and children with normal renal function: 1.5 to 2.5 mg per kilogram of body weight per day (for per kg body weight, generally apply not more than 2.5 mg), divide into 2 times with 1 time every 12 hours of infusion. Dilute every 50mg of the product with 500 mL of 5% glucose solution and further add drop wise. Babies with normal renal function can tolerate a amount of 4 mg/day per kilogram of body weight.
  2. Intramuscular injection: Adults and children: apply 2.5 to 3 mg per kilogram of body weight; apply in divided doses with applying 1 time every 4 to 6 hours. For baby, the dosage can be 4 mg per day per kilogram of body weight. For new born children, we can apply to 4.5 mg per time per kilogram of body weight.
  3. intrathecal injection (for Pseudomonas aeruginosa meningitis): Each mL of drug solution prepared by the sodium chloride injection contains 5mg. Adults and children with over 2 years of age, apply 5 mg daily; after application of 3 to 4 days, change one time every other day, and continue for at least 2 weeks until the result of cerebrospinal fluid culture becomes negative and the sugar inspection becomes normal. For children less than 2 years of age, apply 2mg 1 time per day for continuous 3 to 4 days (or 2.5mg per every other day); after that, apply 2.5mg every other day, until the test becomes normal.
  4. The ophthalmic solution concentration: 1~2.5mg per milliliter. ;

• Drug Interactions

  We should avoid apply it in combination with drugs causing significant damage to the kidneys, skeletal muscle relaxants, aminoglycoside antibiotics, and anesthetic drugs with significant effect of muscle relaxation (such as enflurane). Also we should avoid simultaneous intravenous administration of quinine, and magnesium. Combining polymyxin B sulfate with sulfa drugs, rifampicin, and semi-synthetic penicillin has a better efficacy than single application in treating severe infections resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
  The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Dai Xiongfeng. ;

• Injection polymyxin B sulfate manufacturer

  Shanghai “Xin Xianfeng” Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Zhunzi H31022973
  Shanghai No. 1 Biochemical Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Zhunzi H31022631 ;

• Precautions

  1. Pregnant and lactating women, children, patients with severe kidneys damage and severe kidney dysfunction should either take with caution or reduce the administrated amount.
  2. this product has relative large toxicity and a poor efficacy in treating deep tissue infection. It is also not the primary choice of drug for treating any kinds of infection.
  3. intravenous injection may lead to respiratory depression and thus should generally not used. Half of the amount in daily dose should subject to intravenous drip, and can’t subject to disposable rapid bolus avoid extensive neuromuscular blockade.
  4. it shouldn’t be used in combination with drugs with other renal toxicity or neuromuscular blocking effects to avoid accidents. ;

• Uses

  Biochemical studies.
  Polymyxin B is a kind of anti-Gram-negative poly-peptide antibiotics which can alter membrane structure allowing small molecules leakage and inhibit the growth of Gram-negative bacteria. It has bactericidal effect on Escherichia coli through binding to the lipid A portion of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Mechanism of action: bind and interfere with the permeability o the cellular membrane. Anti-bacteria spectrum: gram negative bacteria. ;

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