Uses
Zinc Dimethyldithiocarbamate is a member of a class of dithiocarbamates, and has been used in agriculture as a fungicide and in the rubber industry as a vulcanization accelerator.
Definition
ChEBI: A dithiocarbamate salt that is the zinc salt of dimethyldithiocarbamic acid. It is a broad-spectrum fungicide and bird and animal repellent that is also used to accelerate the vulcanisation of rubber.
Uses
Rubber vulcanization accelerator; agricultural fungicide.
General Description
Odorless white powder.
Reactivity Profile
ZIRAM(137-30-4) is a dithiocarbamate. Flammable gases are generated by the combination of thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates with aldehydes, nitrides, and hydrides. Thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates are incompatible with acids, peroxides, and acid halides. ZIRAM(137-30-4) is corrosive to iron and copper. ZIRAM(137-30-4) is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and acids. ZIRAM(137-30-4) is also incompatible with mercury.
Air & Water Reactions
Thio and dithiocarbamates slowly decompose in aqueous solution to form carbon disulfide and methylamine or other amines. Such decompositions are accelerated by acids. Insoluble in water.
Fire Hazard
This chemical is combustible. This compound may form explosive dust-air mixtures.
Description
Ziram is a carbamate fungicide. It has a low aqueous solubility, is quite volatile and has a low potential for leaching to groundwater. It is not generally persistent in soil or water systems. Ziram is moderately toxic to mammals and is also considered to be mutagenic and a recognised irritant. It is highly toxic to birds, fish and aquatic invertebrates and moderately toxic to algae, honeybees and earthworms.
Chemical Properties
White and odorless when pure. Almost insoluble inwater; soluble in acetone,
carbon disulfide, chloroform, dilute alkalies,
and concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Hazard
Strong irritant to eyes and mucous membranes.
Flammability and Explosibility
Notclassified
reaction suitability
reagent type: catalyst
core: zinc
Agricultural Uses
Fungicide, Microbiocide, Animal repellant: Ziram is an agricultural fungicide registered to
control fungal diseases on a wide range of crops including stone fruits, pome fruits, nut crops, vegetables and
commercially grown ornamentals, and as a soil and seed
treatment. In addition, it is formulated as a bird and rabbit
repellent for outdoor foliar applications to ornamentals.
Registered for use in EU countries
. Registered for use
in the U.S.
Trade name
AAPROTECT®; AAVOLEX®; AAZIRA®;
ACCELERATOR®-L; ACCELERATOR® MZ® Powder;
ACETO ZDED®; ACETO ZDMD®; ALCOBAM ZM®;
ANCANZATE ME®; CARBAZINC®; CIRAM®;
CORONA COROZATE®; COROZATE®; CUMAN®;
CUMAN L®; CYMATE®; DRUPINA® 90; EPTAC-1®;
FUCLASIN®; FUCLASIN® ULTRA; FUKLASIN®;
FUNGOSTOP®; HERMAT ZDM®; HEXAZIR®;
KARBAM WHITE®; KYPZIN®; METHASAN®;
METHAZATE®; MEXENE®; MEZENE®; MILBAM®;
MILBAN®; MOLURAME®; MYCRONIL®;
OCTOCURE ZDM-50®; ORCHARD® BRAND ZIRAM;
PERKACIT ZDMC®; POMARSOL® Z FORTE;
PRODARAM®; PROKIL® Ziram; RHODIACID®;
SOXINAL®-PZ; SOXINOL®-PZ; TRICARBAMIX Z®;
TSIMAT®; TSIRAM® (Russian); ULTRA ZINC DMC®;
VANCIDE® MZ-96; VANCIDE® 51Z Dispersion (with
Zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiazolate); VANCIDE® 51Z
Dispersion (with Ziram); ZERLATE®; ZINCMATE®;
ZIMATE®; ZIMATE®; METHYL®; ZIRAMVIS®;
ZIRASAN®; ZIRBERK®; ZIREX 90®; ZIRIDE®;
ZIRTHANE®; ZITOX®
Mechanism of action
Contact action with protective properties. Multi-site activity. It inhibits spore germination and mycelium growth by interferring with metal-dependent and sulfhydryl enzyme systems in fungi, preventing them from developing properly
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion,intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes. Moderately toxicby inhalation. Questionable carcinogen with experimentalcarcinogenic and tumorigenic data. An experimentalteratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects.Human mutation d
Synthesis
Zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate can be prepared by mixing and stirring dimethylamine hydrochloride, sodium hydroxide and carbon disulfide, then reacting with zinc sulfate in water.
Metabolic pathway
Ziram is one of the metal containing dithiocarbamates which generates
dimethyldithiocarbamic acid by being cleaved in acidic conditions and
in biological media. The resulting acid is conjugated with glucose and
alanine in plants and with glucuronic acid in mammals. Dimethyldithiocarbamic
acid is further degraded to dimethylamine and CS2. An extensive
review of the properties of dithiocarbamate pesticides was published
by the World Health Organisation (WHO, 1988) from which much of the
following information is taken.
Purification Methods
Crystallise this herbicide several times from hot toluene or from hot CHCl3 by addition of EtOH. [Beilstein 4 III 149, 4 IV 234.]
Degradation
Ziram is decomposed in acidic media and by UV irradiation (PM). Ziram
is stable in alkaline media but unstable in acidic conditions, decomposing
to dimethylamine and carbon disulfide.
