13477-00-4

Barium chlorate is a combustible, colorless to white crystalline solid or powder.

A poison. Strong oxidizer, fire risk in con- tact with organic materials.

It is used in fireworks and explosives manufacture; in textile dyeing and in the manufacture of other perchlorates.

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit. The symptoms of paralysis do not become obvious until some hours have passed. Keep under medical observation for 24 to 48 hours. See also First Aid Section in “Barium” entry.

UN1445 Barium chlorate, Hazard Class: 5.1; Labels: 5.1—Oxidizer, 6.1—Poisonous materials.

A strong oxidizer. When heated above 250° C, it begins to give off oxygen and will increase risk of fire. Barium chlorate is a reactive chemical and is an explosion hazard. Violent reaction may occur with reducing materials; strong acids; powdered metals. Contact with combustible materials will increase activity in fire.

Barium chlorate has the molecular formula of Ba(ClO3)2 and a molecular weight of 304.229 g/mol. Its density is 3.18 g/cm3 and its melting point is 413.9°C.
It is a white crystalline solid, a skin irritant and if consumed can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Its CAS number is 13477-00-4. It is used in fireworks to produce a green color. It also forms a monohydrate, Ba(ClO3)2·H2O whose CAS number is 10294-38-9.
Shock-sensitive compounds are formed with organic compounds, reducing agents, ammonia-containing agents, and metal powders. The substance decomposes violently on heating, producing oxygen, toxic fumes, and causing fire and explosive hazards. This salt is a strong oxidant and reacts with most combustible and reducing materials.

Use large volumes of reducing agent (bisulfite or ferrous salt) solutions. Neutralize and flush to sewer with large volumes of water.

Barium chlorate can be produced through a double replacement reaction of barium chloride and sodium chlorate:
BaCl2＋ 2NaClO3→Ba(ClO3)2＋ 2NaCl
It can also be produced through a more complicated process involving barium carbonate and ammonium chlorate, both of which are produced in situ. There are four separate reactions used to produce this salt:
BaCl2＋ Na2CO3 →BaCO3＋ 2NaCl or BaCl2＋2NaHCO3 →BaCO3＋ 2NaCl＋ H2O＋ CO2(1)
In a separate step, ammonium chlorate is produced by reaction of tartaric acid, C4H6O6, to produce ammonium bitartrate. This is then reacted with potassium chlorate which produces potassium bitartrate and ammonium chlorate:
C4H6O6＋NH4OH→NH4C4H5O6＋H2O (2)
NH4C4H5O6＋ KClO3→KC4H5O6＋NH4ClO3 (3)
The produced barium carbonate is then reacted with ammonium chlorate:
2NH4ClO3＋ BaCO3＋ heat→Ba(ClO3)2＋ 2NH3＋H2O＋ CO2 (4)
The final product is obtained without having to handle the chlorate solutions or product before the final product is obtained.
It can also be produced via the Liebig process similar to that of the strontium homologue which consists of passing chlorine gas through a solid such as Ba(OH)2:
6Ba(OH)2＋ 6Cl2→5BaCl2＋ Ba(CIO3)2＋ 6H2O
However, separating the two salts remains problematic since both are soluble in water. It is for this reason that the Liebig method is not used for the commercial production of barium chlorate.

It crystallises from H2O (1mL/g) between 100o and 0o, and loses 1H2O at 120o. [Schmeisser in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 314 1963.]

Color Code—Yellow: Reactive Hazard; Store in amables and combustibles. Barium chlorate must be storedto avoid contact with organic or combustible materials(such as wood, paper, oil, fuels, and starch) and other easilyoxidizable materials (such as sulfur, aluminum, copper,metal sulfides, ammonium salts, etc.) since violent reactionsoccur. Store in tightly closed containers on nonwood floorsin a cool, well-ventilated area. Wherever barium chlorate isused, handled, manufactured, or stored, use explosion-proofelectrical equipment and fittings. See OSHA Standard1910.104 and NFPA 43A Code for the Storage of Liquidand Solid Oxidizers for detailed handling and storageregulationslocation separate from other materials, especially flammablesand combustibles. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool,well-ventilated area. Sources of ignition, such as smokingand open flames, are prohibited where barium bromate ishandled, used, or stored. Avoid any possible contact withincompatible materials. See OSHA Standard 1910.104 andNFPA 43A Code for the Storage of Liquid and SolidOxidizers for detailed handling and storage regulations.