13422-55-4

Raw materials And Preparation Products

Hazard Information

Chemical Properties

Dark Red Crystalline Powder

Description

Methylcobalamin is an analog of vitamin B12 (Item No. 18425) with diverse neurological activities. It promotes neurite outgrowth and survival in primary cerebellar granule (CGN) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells and activation of ERK1/2 and Akt when used at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 100 μM. Methylcobalamin (1 mg/kg per day) improves sensory function in a pinch test and increases toe spreading in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury. It decreases the number of atypical mitochondria in the sciatic nerve and reduces mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia induced by vincristine (Item No. 11764) in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Methylcobalamin (30 mg/kg) reduces muscle weakness and forelimb contracture and increases bicep muscle weight and the number of musculocutaneous nerves in the wobbler mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It also enhances the recovery of compound muscle action potentials and motor end plate innervation and decreases the time to sticker removal in the sticker removal grooming test in a rat model of bicep ulnar to musculocutaneous nerve transfer.

Physical properties

Vitamin B12 is an octahedral cobalt complex consisting of a porphyrin-like, cobalt centered macroring (called a corrin ring or nucleus). The corrinoids are red, red orange, or yellow crystalline substances that show intense absorption spectra above 300 nm owing to the π–π transitions of the corrin nucleus. They are soluble in water and are fairly stable to heat but decompose at temperatures above ～210 °C without melting.
Vitamin B12 reacts with ascorbic acid, resulting in the reduction and subsequent degradation of the former, which releases its cobalt atom as the free ion. Cobalamins are more stable in the presence of ascorbic acid but unstable to light

Side effects

Common side effects of Mecobalamin include: vomiting, diarrhoea, nausea, headache and loss of appetite. Rarely, hypotension, hypokalaemia and thrombocytosis occur. Serious allergic reactions are rare, contact your doctor if you experience hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat, difficulty breathing.

Synthesis

68-19-9

25596-24-1

13422-55-4

All steps in this embodiment were carried out under light-avoiding conditions (using red light illumination). To 65 mL of ion exchange water, 5 g of cyanocobalamin, 0.35 g of cobalt chloride hexahydrate, and 3.75 mL of 2-butanone were sequentially added. The reaction mixture was heated to 38 °C in a water bath under nitrogen protection and aqueous sodium borohydride (2 g dissolved in 10 mL of water) was added slowly and dropwise with stirring. The dropwise addition process lasted for 60 min. After continuing stirring for 30 minutes, an aqueous solution of trimethylsulfoxide bromide (1.9 g dissolved in 10 mL of water) was added slowly over a period of 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was continued to be stirred at the same temperature for 3 h. Subsequently, the water bath temperature was lowered to 15 °C and stirred overnight. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to give 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolylcobalamin crude. The crude was dissolved in 50% aqueous acetone solution, heated to 35 °C and then the pH was adjusted with concentrated hydrochloric acid to 7.0. Subsequently, acetone was added slowly dropwise with stirring overnight. The precipitated crystals were collected by filtration and dried to give purified 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolylcobalamin in 85% yield. Characterization of the product: In hydrochloric acid buffer at pH 2.0, the UV maximum absorption peaks were located at 264-266 nm, 303-307 nm and 459-462 nm; in phosphate buffer at pH 7.0, the UV maximum absorption peaks were located at 266-269 nm, 341-344 nm and 520-524 nm.Consistency with the values reported by the Merck Index (12th ed.) reference values: 264 nm, 304 nm and 462 nm in 0.1N HCl; 266 nm, 342 nm and 522 nm at pH 7.0.

storage

Store at -20°C, protect from light

References

[1] Patent: EP1394174, 2004, A1. Location in patent: Page 7-9

Questions And Answer

• Pharmacological action

  Mecobalamin as vitamin B12 derivatives, should be called "methyl vitamin B12" according to the chemical structure of name, the functional groups of methylation can be involved in the biochemical process of methyl transfer activity, promoting to nucleic acid of nerve tissue, the metabolism of protein and fat, , can stimulate the synthesis of lecithin Schwann cells, repairing the damaged myelin, improving nerve conduction velocity; directly into nerve cells, and stimulating axon regeneration of damaged area; stimulating protein synthesis in nerve cells and enhanced synthetic metabolism of axons to prevent axonal degeneration; involved in nucleic acid synthesis, promoted hematopoietic function. The treatment is clinically used in diabetic neuropathy, long-term use of macrovascular complications of diabetes are the curative effect.
  Mecobalamin is used for peripheral nerve disorders treatment drug, compared with other vitamin B12 preparations, having good transfer on the nervous tissue, through the methyl transfer reaction, can promote nucleic acid, protein lipid metabolism, repairing the damaged nerve tissue. In homocysteine synthetic egg ammonia acid process, it plays a role of coenzyme, especially by deoxyuridine synthesis of thymidine, promoting DNA and RNA synthesis of participation. Also in the experiment of glial cells, the drugs can improve methionine synthase activity and promote the synthesis of myelin lipids lecithin. Improving the nerve tissue metabolism, can promot axis cable and protein synthesis, make the delivery rate of the skeletal protein close to normal, maintain axonal functions. Besides mecobalamin injections can inhibit nerve tissue of abnormal impulse conduction, promoting redl blood cells mature, split, improving anemia. Mecobalamin can be quickly restored due to lack of B12 and reduce the number of rat erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit value. Used for megaloblastic red blood cell anemia and peripheral nerve disorder due to the lack of vitamin B12.
  The above information is edited by the Chemicalbook Hanya. ;

• Uses

  1.It is used for the treatment of nervous system diseases, relieving pain and numbness, speeded relieving pain, improving pain caused by cervical spondylosis, treatment of sudden deafness, etc.
  2.Methylcobalamin is a kind of endogenous coenzyme B12, participating in the one carbon unit cycle, playing an important role in the synthesis of methionine homocysteine methyl transfer reaction process. ;

Spectrum Detail

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