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Melarsomine is a trivalent arsenical compound used as an adulticide. Melarsomine can be used for the reserach of canine heartworm disease and other helminth infections[1][2].

Melarsomine is indicated for the treatment of stabilized class I, II, and III heartworm disease caused by immature (4 month old, stage L5) to mature adult infections of D. immitis in dogs. When compared with thiacetarsamide, melarsomine appears to be more efficacious, less irritating to tissues, and does not cause hepatic necrosis.
Melarsomine may also be useful for treating ferrets; it has been suggested to contact the manufacturer before using the drug in this species.

[1] Baneth G, et, al. Dirofilaria repens infection in a dog: diagnosis and treatment with melarsomine and doramectin. Vet Parasitol. 2002 Apr 30;105(2):173-8. DOI:10.1016/s0304-4017(02)00006-7
[2] Desquesnes M, et, al. An evaluation of melarsomine hydrochloride efficacy for parasitological cure in experimental infection of dairy cattle with Trypanosoma evansi in Thailand. Parasitology. 2011 Aug;138(9):1134-42. DOI:10.1017/S0031182011000771