ChemicalBook CAS DataBase List 1239-45-8

1239-45-8

Name	Ethidium bromide
CAS	1239-45-8
EINECS(EC#)	214-984-6
Molecular Formula	C21H20BrN3
MDL Number	MFCD00011724
Molecular Weight	394.31
MOL File	1239-45-8.mol

Synonyms

1,7-DIAMINO-10-ETHYL-9-PHENYLPHENANTHRIDINIUM BROMIDE 2,7-DIAMINO-10-ETHYL-9-PHENYLPHENANTHRIDINIUM BROMIDE 2,7-DIAMINO-10-ETHYL-9-PHENYLPHENANTHRIDIUM BROMIDE 3,8-DIAMINO-5-ETHYL-6-PHENYLPHENANTHRIDINIUM BROMIDE 3,8-DIAMINO-5-ETHYL-6-PHENYLPHENANTHRIDIUM BROMIDE 3,8-DIAMINO-6-ETHYL-5-PHENYL-PHENANTHRIDIUM BROMIDE 5-ETHYL-3,8-DIAMINO-6-PHENYL-PHENANTHRIDINIUM BROMIDE CA NUMBERING: 3,8-DIAMINO-5-ETHYL-6-PHENYL-PHENANTHRIDINIUM BROMIDE ETBR ETHIDIUM BROMIDE HOMIDIUM BROMIDE 2,7-Diamino-9-phenyl-10-ethylphenanthridiniumbromide 2,7-Diamino-9-phenylphenanthridineethobromide 3,8-diamino-5-ethyl-6-phenyl-phenanthridiniubromide Dromilac Phenanthridinium,3,8-diamino-5-ethyl-6-phenyl-,bromide Rd1572 Ethidium bromide(EB) Ethidium bromide solution 3,8-diamino-1-ethyl-6-phenylphenantridinium bromide

Chemical Properties

Appearance	Purple/maroon crystalline powder
Melting point	260-262 °C (dec.)(lit.)
bulk density	340kg/m3
density	1.3739 (rough estimate)
refractive index	1.6700 (estimate)
Fp	>100°C
storage temp.	2-8°C
solubility	H₂O: 10 mg/mL, opaque, strongly red
form	powder
color	Red to dark purple
Odor	Odorless solid
PH	4.4 (20°C, 10g/L in H2O)
Stability:	Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Water Solubility	40 g/L (25 ºC)
λmax	518 nm, 210 nm, 285 nm, 316 nm, 343 nm, 480 nm, 525 nm
Merck	14,4731
BRN	3642536
Biological Applications	Nucleic acid hybridization; detecting nucleic acids,cells,cancer cells,human cytomegalovirus,hydrogenase A (hydA) of Clostridia,influenza A virus,oligonucleotides,viable Plesiomonas shigelloides; apoptosis assay; nucleic acid quantification
Major Application	Electroluminescent displays;photoresists
InChI	1S/C21H19N3.BrH/c1-2-24-20-13-16(23)9-11-18(20)17-10-8-15(22)12-19(17)21(24)14-6-4-3-5-7-14;/h3-13,23H,2,22H2,1H3;1H
InChIKey	ZMMJGEGLRURXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES	[Br-].CC[n+]1c(-c2ccccc2)c3cc(N)ccc3c4ccc(N)cc14
CAS DataBase Reference	1239-45-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System	1239-45-8(EPA Substance)

Safety Data

Symbol(GHS)	GHS06,GHS08
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H331-H341
Precautionary statements	P202-P261-P271-P280-P304+P340+P311-P308+P313
Hazard Codes	T,T+
Risk Statements	R23:Toxic by inhalation. R68:Possible risk of irreversible effects. R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin . R26:Very Toxic by inhalation. R21/22:Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed . R22:Harmful if swallowed. less more
Safety Statements	S36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves . S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) . S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection . S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice . S22:Do not breathe dust . S28:After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer) . less more
RIDADR	UN 2811 6.1/PG 1
WGK Germany	3
RTECS	SF7950000
F	8-9
HazardClass	6.1
PackingGroup	I
HS Code	29339990
Storage Class	6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 very toxic hazardous materials
Hazard Classifications	Acute Tox. 1 Inhalation Acute Tox. 4 Oral Muta. 2
Safety Profile	Poison by intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx and Br-. See also BROMIDES. less more
Hazardous Substances Data	1239-45-8(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity	Intercalating dye widely used to stain DNA in gels and gradients. The DNA can be visualized readily by irradiation with ultraviolet light, as little as 0.5 μg of DNA being detectable by such methods. Ethidium bromide is also added to cesium chloride density gradients, since as an intercalating molecule it binds more readily to linear DNA than to closed collinear circles of DNA (such as plasmids). Binding of ethidium bromide reduces the density of DNA, thus covalent circles of DNA have higher densities at saturating concentrations of ethidium bromide, permitting the separation of plasmid DNA. Ethidium bromide is a putative carcinogen. less more

Hazard Information

Chemical Properties

Purple/maroon crystalline powder

Definition

ChEBI: Ethidium bromide is the organic bromide salt of ethidium. It has a role as a trypanocidal drug, a geroprotector and an intercalator. It contains an ethidium.

Health Hazard

Acute toxic effects from exposure to ethidium bromide have not been thoroughly investigated. Ethidium bromide is irritating to the eyes, skin, mucous membranes, and upper respiratory tract. Although there is no evidence for the carcinogenicity or teratogenicity of this substance in humans, ethidium bromide is strongly mutagenic and therefore should be regarded as a possible carcinogen and reproductive toxin

Flammability and Explosibility

Ethidium bromide does not pose a flammability hazard (NFPA rating = 1).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Ethidium bromide intercalates double-stranded DNA and RNA and acts as a frameshift mutagen. It can also be used in conjunction with acridine orange to differentiate between viable, apoptotic and necrotic cells.

storage

Because of its mutagenicity, stock solutions of this compound should be prepared in a fume hood, and protective gloves should be worn at all times while handling this substance. Operations capable of generating ethidium bromide dust or aerosols of ethidium bromide solutions should be conducted in a fume hood to prevent exposure by inhalation.

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from MeOH or EtOH [Lamos et al. J Am Chem Soc 108 4278 1986]. Its solubility in H2O is 1%. [Beilstein 22/11 V 352.] POSSIBLE CARCINOGEN.

Incompatibilities

No incompatibilities are known.

Waste Disposal

Excess ethidium bromide and waste material containing this substance should be placed in an appropriate container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution's waste disposal guidelines.

Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)

Questions And Answer

description
Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), commonly used in research laboratories as a stain for the visualization of nucleic acids in electrophoresis gels, is a toxic chemical and a potent mutagen. When used in nucleic acid staining, ethidium bromide fluoresces a red-orange to pink color under ultraviolet light and with increased fluorescence when bound to double-stranded DNA. While it is not specifically regulated as a hazardous waste, the mutagenic properties may present health hazards and disposal concerns if it is not managed properly in the laboratory.;
Uses
Ethidium bromide (EtBr) is a fluorescent dye widely used in molecular biology research. Early usage was as a veterinary trypanocide. It is a mutagenic compound that intercalates double-stranded DNA and RNA. The fluorescence of EtBr increases 21-fold upon binding to double-stranded RNA, 25-fold on binding double-stranded DNA (although histones block binding of EtBr to DNA). Ethidium bromide has been used in multiple fluorimetric assays for nucleic acids. It has been shown to bind to single-stranded DNA (although not as strongly) and triple-stranded DNA. Because of the binding to DNA, EtBr is a powerful inhibitor of DNA polymerase.
Molecular Biology-grade Powder is suitable for use in gel electrophoresis and DNA isolation procedures.
Aqueous Solution (10 mg/mL) is suitable for use in gel electrophoresis and DNA isolation procedures.
Molecular Biology-grade Aqueous Solution (500 mg/mL) is suitable for use in gel electrophoresis.;
Health Hazards
EtBr is a potent mutagen (may cause genetic damage), and moderately toxic after an acute exposure. EtBr can be absorbed through skin, so it is important to avoid any direct contact with the chemical. EtBr is an irritant to the skin, eyes, mouth, and upper respiratory tract. It should be stored away from strong oxidizing agents in a cool, dry place, and the container must be kept undamaged and tightly closed.;

Spectrum Detail

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1239-45-8

Chemical Properties

Safety Data

Hazard Information

Chemical Properties

Definition

Health Hazard

Flammability and Explosibility

Biochem/physiol Actions

storage

Purification Methods

Incompatibilities

Waste Disposal

Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)

Questions And Answer

description

Uses

Health Hazards

Spectrum Detail

Well-known Reagent Company Product Information

Supplier

Related Products