General Description
Oily liquid; colorless; banana odor. Floats and mixes with water. Flammable, irritating vapor is produced .
Reactivity Profile
ISO-AMYL ACETATE(123-92-2) is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. This compound can react violently with oxidizing materials, nitrates, strong alkalis and strong acids.
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
Hazard
Flammable, moderate fire risk. Irritant.
Explosive limits in air 1–7.5%.
Health Hazard
VAPOR: Irritating to eyes, nose and throat. If inhaled, will cause nausea, headache or dizziness. LIQUID: Irritating to skin and eyes. Harmful if swallowed.
Potential Exposure
(n-isomer): Primary irritant (w/o allergic
reaction), (sec-isomer) Human Data. Amyl acetates are
used as industrial solvents and in the manufacturing and
dry-cleaning industry; making artificial fruit-flavoring
agents; cements, coated papers, lacquers; in medications
as an inflammatory agent; pet repellents, insecticides and
miticide. Many other uses.
Fire Hazard
FLAMMABLE. Flashback along vapor trail may occur. Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. When heated emits acrid fumes. When exposed to flames can react vigorously with reducing materials.
First aid
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including
resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical
attention. Give large quantities of water and induce
vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Shipping
UN1993 Flammable liquids, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, Technical Name
Required.
Incompatibilities
Vapors may form explosive mixture with
air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides,
permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids,
oxoacids, epoxides, nitrates. May soften certain plastics.
Description
In commercial practice amyl invariably means isoamyl, unless it
is prefaced by the n- for normal. Isoamyl acetate has a powerful,
fruity odor with a bittersweet taste reminiscent of pear. If impure,
the odor is strong, penetrating, and almost shocking. Usually prepared by esterification of commercial isoamyl alcohol with acetic
acid.
Waste Disposal
Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator
equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal,
state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.
In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for
the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be
disposed properly by following package label directions or
by contacting your local or federal environmental control
agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office.
Physical properties
Clear, colorless liquid with a banana or pear-like odor. Odor threshold concentration is 7 ppm
(quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992). A detection odor threshold concentration of 18 μg/m3 (3.4
ppbv) was determined by Katz and Talbert (1930).
Occurrence
Reported to be found in a number of naturally occurring products, including apple, banana, cocoa bean, coffee, cognac, grape, peach, pear, pineapple and strawberry
Definition
ChEBI: The acetate ester of isoamylol.
Preparation
By the esterification of commercial isoamyl alcohol with acetic acid
Production Methods
The commerical-grade isoamyl acetate is prepared by the
esterification of amyl alcohol (often fusel oil) with acetic acid
and a small amount of sulfuric acid as the catalyst .
Taste threshold values
FEMA PADI: 24.491 mg
Flammability and Explosibility
Flammable(100%)
Carcinogenicity
Not listed by ACGIH, California
Proposition 65, IARC, NTP, or OSHA.
Source
Identified among 139 volatile compounds identified in cantaloupe (Cucumis melo var.
reticulates cv. Sol Real) using an automated rapid headspace solid phase microextraction method
(Beaulieu and Grimm, 2001).
Environmental Fate
Chemical/Physical. Slowly hydrolyzes in water forming 3-methyl-1-butanol and acetic acid.
Purification Methods
Dry the acetate with finely divided K2CO3 and fractionally distil it. [Beilstein 2 IV 157.]