Description
Rac1 is a GTPase that is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, cell-cell adhesion, motility, and differentiation. Rac1 is activated by its interaction with specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). NSC 23766 is a cell-permeable, reversible inhibitor of Rac1 activation by the Rac-specific GEFs TrioN and Tiam 1 (IC50 = 50 μM). It has no effect on the closely related GTPases, Cdc42 and RhoA. NSC23766 has been used to investigate the role of Rac1 in such diverse cellular functions as stem cell mobilization, epithelial cell migration, angiogenesis, leukemia cell migration and growth, and gene expression.
Uses
NSC 23766 is a highly soluble and membrane permeable Rac GTPase inhibitor. NSC 23766 inhibits Rac GTPase by targeting Rac activation by guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). NSC 23766 has been shown to inhibit the anchorage-independent growth and invasion phenotypes of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells.
Definition
ChEBI: NSC 23766 trihydrochloride is a hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of NSC 23766 with 3 mol eq. of hydrogen chloride. An inhibitor of the signalling G-protein known as RAC1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1). It has a role as an EC 3.6.5.2 (small monomeric GTPase) inhibitor, an antiviral agent, an apoptosis inducer and a muscarinic antagonist. It contains a NSC 23766.
Biochem/physiol Actions
NSC23766 is an inhibitor of Rac1, a Rho-family GTPase. The compound blocks activation by the guanine nucleotide exchange factors Trio and Tiam1, but does not affect interactions with RhoA or Cdc42. NSC23766 blocks ADP-mediated platelet aggregation. Inhibition of Rac1 by NSC23766 restores sensitivity to trastuzumab by restoring down-regulation of ErbB2.
References
[1]. gao y, dickerson jb, guo f, zheng j, zheng y. rational design and characterization of a rac gtpase-specific small molecule inhibitor. proc natl acad sci u s a. 2004 may 18;101(20):7618-23.
[2]. baumer y, spindler v, werthmann rc, bünemann m, waschke j. role of rac 1 and camp in endothelial barrier stabilization and thrombin-induced barrier breakdown. j cell physiol. 2009 sep;220(3):716-26.
[3]. jin s1, ray rm, johnson lr. rac1 mediates intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis via jnk. am j physiol gastrointest liver physiol. 2006 dec;291(6):g1137-47.
