Chemical Properties
Pale Yellow Crystalline Solid
Uses
A mycotoxin produced by mold associated with corn. Inhibitor of sphingosine N-acyltransferase. Blocks the formation of ceramide from sphingosine.
Uses
Contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation
Uses
Fumonisin B2 is a minor analogue of a family of potent mycotoxins produced by various Fusarium species, associated with animal toxicity worldwide. To date much of the research on the pharmacology of the fumonisins has focused on fumonisin B1. It is generally accepted that fumonisin B2 acts on ceramide biosynthesis, however, the pharmacology of the minor analogues is less well explored.
Description
Fumonisin B2 belongs to the family of toxins known as fumonisins. It is produced by several species of Fusarium molds primarily by Fusarium verticillioide. It is one of the major mycotoxin contaminant in corn and corn-based foods. Fumonisin B2 is a structural analog of fumonisin B1 but it is more cytotoxic than the latter and it inhibits sphinganine-N-acetyltransferase (ceramide synthase).
Fumonisin B2 is a carcinogenic mycotoxin generally present on corn based food and feed-stuff, which is produced by the fungus Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium moniliforme. Fumonisin B2 can also be detected in the industrially important fungi, Aspergillus niger.
Definition
ChEBI: Fumonisin B2 is a fumonisin that is (2S,3S,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,14,15-triol in which the hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 have each been esterified by condensation with the 1-carboxy group of 3-carboxyglutaric acid (giving a 3-carboxyglutarate ester group with R configuration in each case). It has a role as an Aspergillus metabolite and a carcinogenic agent. It is a fumonisin, a primary amino compound, a diol and a diester.
General Description
Fumonisin B2 (FB2) is a diester of tricarballylic acid and polyhydric alcohols.. Fumonisins B2 (FB2) does not have one or more hydroxyl groups at the C5 or C10 positions.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Inhibitor of sphingosine N-acyltransferase. Blocks the formation of ceramide from sphingosine.
Safety Profile
Fumonisin B2, a mycotoxin produced by Fusariummoniliforme in a variety of cereals, is a potent inhibitor of sphingosine N-acyltransferase (ceramidesynthase), blocking sphingolipid de novo synthesis. Fumonisin (FB) is a mycotoxin, a structurally similar bidentate compound composed of different polyhydric alcohols and propionic tricarboxylic acids, of which fumonisin B1 (FB1), fumonisin B2 (FB2) and fumonisin B3 (FB3) are the main components of contaminated food and its products, and a potential trigger for cancer, and has been declared by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as The International Agency for Research on Cancer has declared fumonisins as "Class 2B" toxicants (possible carcinogens to humans).
