Chemical Properties
White to slightly yellow crystalline pow
Uses
Intermediate in sugar metabolism and in enzymatic carbohydrate degradation (alcoholic fermentation) where it is converted to acetaldehyde and CO2 by carboxylase. In muscle, Pyruvic acid (derived from
glycogen) is reduced to lactic acid during exertion, which is reoxidized and partially retransformed to glycogen during rest. The liver can convert Pyruvic acid to alanine by amination.
A diagnostic
agent for Parkinson disease
Application
Sodium pyruvate has been used:
To prepare Bull Tyrode′s albumin-lactate-pyruvate diluent.
In pyruvate tolerance test.
To prepare oligodendrocyte culture medium.
Definition
ChEBI: Sodium pyruvate is an organic sodium salt. It contains a pyruvate.
Preparation
The preparation of sodium pyruvate is as follows:Synthesis of pyruvate, a salt of a compound of formula (II) by ozonolysis of methacrylic acid, a compound of formula (II) A solution of methacrylic acid obtained in Example la or lb (15.31 g, 178 mmol) in dichloromethane/methanol (5 % methanol, 50 ml) was cooled to -78 0C and a stream of ozone was passed through until the solution turned blue. Dimethylsulfide (12.41 g, 200 mmol) was added and the mixture was allowed to reach room temperature. Excess dimethylsulfide was removed by passing a stream of nitrogen through the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was evaporated in vacuo at 30 0C. To the residue was added water (100 ml) and then slowly added a solution of aq. NaOH (IM, 178 ml). The mixture was concentrated and left for crystallisation at 4 °C. The white crystalline material obtained was filtered and washed with acetone (3x100 ml). Yield: 14.50 g (92 %). Purity: 95 %.
General Description
Sodium pyruvate (SP) is a simplest keto-acid. It crystallizes as very thin plates and belongs to the monoclinic system. Its utility in Knoevenagel condensation carried out in an aqueous medium has been examined. The standard molar enthalpy of formation and molar enthalpy of dissolution of SP at infinite dilution have been obtained. Its efficacy in treating mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes has been investigated.
Flammability and Explosibility
Notclassified
Biochem/physiol Actions
Sodium pyruvate is known to be an effective therapeutic target for type II citrullinaemia which is characterized by hyperammonaemia. In vivo studies proves that sodium pyruvate has protective function against hemorrhagic shock by preventing lipid peroxidation, NAD+ reduction and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases. Sodium pyruvate is also known to possess anti-inflammatory action and might show improvement in chronic lung disorder.
storage
Sterile filtered commercial solutions of sodium pyruvate are stable up to 24 months, when stored at 2-8 °C.
Pyruvic acid polymerizes and decomposes upon standing. It is advised to keep containers tightly sealed.