General Description
CADMIUM CHLORIDE(10108-64-2) is a white crystalline solid. CADMIUM CHLORIDE(10108-64-2) is soluble in water. CADMIUM CHLORIDE(10108-64-2) is noncombustible. The primary hazard of this material is that CADMIUM CHLORIDE(10108-64-2) poses a threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. CADMIUM CHLORIDE(10108-64-2) is used in photography, in fabric printing, in chemical analysis, and in many other uses.
Reactivity Profile
Bromine trifluoride rapidly attacks the following salts: barium chloride, cadmium chloride, calcium chloride, cesium chloride, lithium chloride, silver chloride, rubidium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium chloride, potassium iodide, rhodium tetrabromide, sodium bromide, sodium chloride, and sodium iodide [Mellor 2 Supp. 1:164, 165 1956].
Air & Water Reactions
Water soluble.
Health Hazard
Ingestion causes gastroenteric distress, pain, and prostration. Sensory disturbances, liver injury, and convulsions have been observed in severe intoxications.
Potential Exposure
Cadmium chloride is used in dyeing
and printing of fabrics; in electronic component manufacture; in photography; used as a pesticide and in nonpasture
turf fungicides.
Fire Hazard
Literature sources indicate that this chemical is nonflammable.
First aid
Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency
medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not
breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim
ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way
valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and
isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact
with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact,
avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim
warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion,
or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that
medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved
and take precautions to protect themselves. Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after breathing
overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. As
first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug or other inhalation therapy.
Shipping
UN2570 Cadmium compounds, Hazard Class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.
Incompatibilities
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, sulfur, selenium,
potassium.
Chemical Properties
Cadmium chloride is a colorless, odorless,
crystalline solid, or powder.
Chemical Properties
Milky White free flowing crystalline powder
Waste Disposal
It is preferred to convert the
salt to the nitrate, precipitate it with H2S, filter, wash and
dry the precipitate and return it to the supplier.
Physical properties
Colorless powder or crystal; hexagonal crystal system; hygroscopic; density 4.047 g/cm3; melts at 560°C; vaporizes at 960°C; highly soluble in water (140 g/100g at 20°C), also soluble in acetone; slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in ether.
Definition
ChEBI: Cadmium dichloride is a cadmium coordination entity in which cadmium(2+) and Cl(-) ions are present in the ratio 2:1. Although considered to be ionic, it has considerable covalent character to its bonding.
Preparation
Cadmium chloride may be prepared by heating the metal with chlorine or hydrogen chloride gas. In the solution, it is formed by treating the metal or its salts, such as oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, or sulfide with hydrochloric acid:
Cd + 2HCl → CdCl2 + H2
CdO + 2HCl → CdCl2 + H2O
CdCO3 + 2HCl → CdCl2+ H2O + CO2
The solution is evaporated and crystallized to yield a hydrated salt. The hydrated salt yields anhydrous cadmium chloride upon heating under hydrogen chloride or when refluxed with thionyl chloride.
Cadmium chloride also may be prepared by adding dry cadmium acetate to acetyl chloride in glacial acetic acid.
Production Methods
Cadmium chloride is manufactured in reaction of cadmium
metal, carbonate, sulfide, oxide, or hydroxide with hydrochloric
acid, followed by evaporation; it forms hydrated
salt. Commercial cadmium chloride is amixture of hydrates
that approximates to dihydrates. The commercial grade
available in the United States typically contains about
51% of cadmium. Liquid caddy contains 20.1% cadmium
chloride.
storage
Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard: Store in asecure poison location. Store in tightly closed containers.Avoid contact with strong acids and oxidizers or moisture.
Purification Methods
Crystallise it from water (1mL/g) by addition of EtOH and cooling. [Pray Inorg Synth V 153 1957, Wagenknecht & Juza in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1093 1965.]
