General Description
4-Nitrophenylhydrazine is a orange-red leaflet or needles wetted with water. 4-NITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE, [WETTED WITH NOT LESS THAN 30% WATER BY MASS] will emit toxic oxides of nitrogen when heated to decomposition. 4-NITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE, [WETTED WITH NOT LESS THAN 30% WATER BY MASS] is slightly heavier than water and insoluble in water. 4-NITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE, [WETTED WITH NOT LESS THAN 30% WATER BY MASS] may be irritating to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. 4-NITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE, [WETTED WITH NOT LESS THAN 30% WATER BY MASS] may be toxic by ingestion. 4-NITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE, [WETTED WITH NOT LESS THAN 30% WATER BY MASS] may be explosive and sensitive to friction in the dry state. 4-NITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE, [WETTED WITH NOT LESS THAN 30% WATER BY MASS] is used as a reagent for ketones and aliphatic aldehydes.
Reactivity Profile
4-NITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE is a powerful explosive. 4-NITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE, [WETTED WITH NOT LESS THAN 30% WATER BY MASS] can SELF-IGNITE in the presence of contaminants. Auto-ignition temperature may vary for 4-nitrophenylhydrazine similar to that of hydrazine which has an autoignition of as low as 74oC in contact with iron rust. Dangerous fire hazard or severe explosion can occur when exposed to heat, flame or oxidizing agents. Severe explosion may also occur by chemical reaction with alkali metals; BaO; CaO; K; Na; NH3; Cl2; chromates; CuO; Cu++ salts; F2; H2O2; iron rust; metallic oxides; PbO2;Ni; Ni(ClO4)2; HNO3; N2O; O2; liquid O2; K2Cr2O7; Na2Cr2O7; tetryl; zinc diamide; Zn(C2H5)2. Dangerous; when heated to decomposition 4-NITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE, [WETTED WITH NOT LESS THAN 30% WATER BY MASS] emits highly toxic nitrogen compounds; may explode by heat or chemical reaction. (Sax and Lewis, 1987) under Hydrazine p. 538-539.
Health Hazard
Some are toxic and may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Chemical Properties
white to light yellow crystal powde
Definition
ChEBI: A member of the class of phenylhydrazines that is phenylhydrazine substituted at the 4-position by a nitro group.
Safety Profile
Poison by intraperitoneal route.Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition itemits toxic fumes of NOx. See also NITROCOMPOUNDS OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
Purification Methods
Crystallise the hydrazine from EtOH. The hydrochloride has m 212o(dec) (from EtOH, also m 202-203o dec). [Beilstein 15 III 331, 15 IV 317.]
