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The Applications and Reactions of Benzoyl chloride

Aug 20，2019

Benzoyl chloride is an organochlorine compound with the formula C6H5COCl. It is a colourless, fuming liquid with an irritating odour.

Applications

Benzoyl chloride is a useful acylating agent, preparation of ketones from organometallic compounds;

It is mainly useful for the production of peroxides but is generally useful in other areas such as in the preparation of dyes, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, and resins.

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Reactions

Benzoyl chloride reacts with water to produce hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid:

C₆H₅COCl + H₂O → C₆H₅CO₂H + HCl

Benzoyl chloride is a typical acyl chloride. It reacts with alcohols to give the corresponding esters. Similarly, it reacts with amines to give the amide.

It undergoes the Friedel-Crafts acylation with aromatic compounds to give the corresponding benzophenones and related derivatives.With carbanions, it serves again as a source of "PhCO+".

Purification

The good commercial grade of benzoyl chloride can be purified by distillation.

Storage

use in a fume hood; lachrymatory, irritating to skin, eyes and mucous membranes; toxic by inhalation and ingestion.

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