Supplier Product Identification Physical and Chemical Properties First Aid Measures Handling and Storage Hazards Identification Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Fire Fighting Measures Accidental Release Measures Stability and Reactivity Transport Information
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Hydrofluoric acid(7664-39-3)

Supplier Product Identification Physical and Chemical Properties First Aid Measures Handling and Storage Hazards Identification Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Fire Fighting Measures Accidental Release Measures Stability and Reactivity Transport Information

Product Identification

Product Name
Hydrofluoric acid
Synonyms
IMO Pollution Category
Hydrogen fluoride solution
CAS
7664-39-3
Formula
FH
Molecular Weight
20
EINECS
231-634-8
RTECS
MW7875000
RTECS Class
Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data; Primary Irritant
Merck
12,4837
Beilstein/Gmelin
166 (G)
EC Index Number
009-003-00-1
EC Class
Very toxic; Corrosive

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance
A colorless fuming mobile aqueous solution with a pungent odor.
Solubility in water
Miscible
Melting Point
-83
Boiling Point
19.5
Vapor Pressure
760 (20 C)
Density
0.0061 g/cm3 (50 C)
pKa/pKb
3.19 (pKa)
Heat Of Vaporization
7.5 kJ/mol
Usage
Cleaning cast iron, copper, brass, removing efflorescence from brick & stone, or sand particle from metallic castings, working over too heavily weighted silks, frosting, etching glass and enamel, polishing crystal glass, decomp cellulose, enameling & galvanizing iron, incr porosity of ceramics in analytical work to determine silicon dioxide.
Vapor Density
.714
Odor threshold
0.5 to 3 ppm

First Aid Measures

Ingestion
Seek medical assistance.
Inhalation
Move victim to fresh air. Apply artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Effects may be delayed.
Skin
Remove all exposed clothing and jewelry taking necessary precautions to prevent secondary exposure to health care providers. Irrigate exposed areas promptly with copious amounts of water for at least 30 minutes. Wash the skin, including hair and nails, vigorously; do repeated soap washings. Discard contaminated clothing.
Eyes
In case of contact with liquefied gas, thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water Immediately flush skin with running water for at least 20 minutes.

Handling and Storage

Storage
Protect against physical damage. Store at in well-ventilated area, separated from other storage.
Handling
Containers of this material may be hazardous when emptied. Since emptied containers retain product residues (vapor, liquid, and/or solid), all hazard precautions given in the data sheet must be observed. Addition to water releases heat which can result in violent boiling and spattering. Always add slowly and in small amounts. Never use hot water. Never add water to acids. Always add acids to water.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation
Dyspnea, bronchospasm (with abnormal pfts and hypoxia), chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema (can be hemorrhagic), tracheobronchitis, upper airway obstruction, chemical burns (larynx, trachea, bronchi) and ards may occur following inhalation.
Skin
Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite.
Eyes
Can cause permanent eye injury. Symptoms include stinging, tearing, redness, and swelling of eyes. Can injure the cornea and cause blindness.
Ingestion
Swallowing this material may be harmful or fatal. Symptoms may include severe stomach and intestinal irritation (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), abdominal pain, and vomiting of blood. Swallowing this material may cause burns and destroy tissue in the mouth, throat, and digestive tract. Low blood pressure and shock may occur as a result of severe tissue injury.
Hazards
When heated, it emits highly corrosive fumes of fluorides. Its corrosive action on metals can result in formation of hydrogen in containers and piping to create fire hazard. Toxic and irritating vapors are generated when heated. Will attack glass, concrete, and certain metals, especially those containing silica, such as cast iron. Will attack natural rubber, leather, and many organic materials. May generate flammable hydrogen gas in contact with some metals.
UN (DOT)
1790

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection
Wear appropriate protective gloves, clothing and goggles.
Respirators
Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Exposure Effects
The toxological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Exposure limit(s)
OSHA PEL: TWA 3 ppm NIOSH REL: TWA 3 ppm (2.5 mg/m3) C 6 ppm (5 mg/m3) 15-minute NIOSH IDLH: 30 ppm
Poison Class
2

Fire Fighting Measures

Fire Fighting
Use water on fires in which hydrofluoric acid is involved.
Fire Potential
Nonflammable hydrogen may be generated in piping or containers.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks
Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment. Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder. Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Add soda ash (Na2CO3). Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Stability and Reactivity

Incompatibilities
Attacks glass and any other silica containing material May react with common metals (iron, steel) to generate flammable hydrogen gas if diluted below 65% with water Reacts exothermically with chemical bases (examples: amines, amides, inorganic hydroxides) Reacts with cyanide salts and compounds to release gaseous hydrogen cyanide Reacts explosively with cyanogen fluoride, methanesulfonic acid or glycerol mixed with nitric acid Reacts violently with arsenic trioxide, phosphorus pentachloride, acetic anhydride, alkali metals, ammonium hydroxide, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylenediamine, fluorine, potassium permanganate, oleum, propylene oxide, vinyl acetate, mercury(II) oxide.
Stability
Stable.
Decomposition
When heated to decomposition it emits highly corrosive fumes of hydrogen fluoride.
Combustion Products
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.

Transport Information

UN Number
1790
Hazard Class
8
Packing Group
I; II
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