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説明
Mikamycin was found in the culture broth of Streptomyces mitakaensis by Umezawa et al. of the University of Tokyo in 1956. It is a mixture of two components, A and B, showing synergistic effects on each other. Staphylomycin, which was found by De Somer of Leuven University in 1955, is a closely related compound. Mikamycin shows strong activity against grampositive bacteria, including strains resistant to other antibiotics. It has been used topically to treat Staphylococcus or Streptococcusinfections of the skin, including burns.
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使用
Virginiamycin is a mixture of Virginiamycin S1 and Virginiamycin M1 (V673810). It is an antibiotic used in livestock feed to prevent disease among young swine. Also is used in ethanol production to prevent microbial contamination.
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応用例（製薬）
The two major components are pristinamycin IA and pristinamycin IB. It is available in some countries for the oral treatment of upper respiratory, bronchopulmonary, dental, skin, genital and bone infections caused by susceptible organisms. In-vitro activity is summarized in Table 28.1. The drug is usually well tolerated, although minor gastrointestinal disturbances and rash may occur.
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接触アレルゲン
Like the other streptogramin, pristinamycin, virginiamycin
is made of two subunits, virginiamycin S1 and
virginiamycin M1. Dermatitis was quite common in
people using the formerly available topical virginiamycin.
Occupational dermatitis was observed in the
pharmaceutical industry, in breeders, and in a surgeon
who used topical virginiamycin on postoperative
wounds (personal observation).
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安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic by
ingestion, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous
routes. Used as an antibiotic.
