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外観
白色〜わずかにうすい褐色, 結晶性粉末〜粉末
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溶解性
水に溶ける。
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解説
エラスチンまたはそのほかのタンパク質を加水分解する反応を触媒する酵素．エラスチンを分解する酵素．膵臓や白血球に分布するセリンプロテアーゼ．膵臓のエラスターゼは［EC3.4.21.36］ペプチド鎖中に存在する，中性アミノ酸のカルボキシル基側の酸アミド結合を加水分解する特異性を有する．動物膵液中に存在し，ブタから単離されたものは分子量2.5×104．セリン残基が活性発現に重要である．[別用語参照]セリン酵素 森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
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用途
白血球, マクロファージのエラスターゼは血中での異物処理に関与、また動脈硬化症と関連。
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使用上の注意
安定性pH 6.0以下, 2℃で長時間安定。
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使用
Elastase is used in combination with other proteases for protein analysis by mass spectrometry. Elastase, is used in tissue dissociation because elastin is found in highest concentrations in the elastic fibers of connective tissues, elastase is frequently used to dissociate tissues that contain extensive intercellular fiber networks. It is usually used with other enzymes such as collagenase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin, membrane protein solubilization, protein sequence studies.
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一般的な説明
Elastase is a single polypeptide chain of 240 amino acid residues and contains four disulfide bridges. The molecular mass is approximately 25.9kDa. The enzyme is synthesized as an inactive zymogen, proelastase, which is converted to the active form by limited proteolysis at the N-terminal by trypsin.
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Biochem/physiol Actions
Elastase is a single polypeptide chain of 240 amino acid residues and contains four disulfide bridges. The molecular mass is approximately 25.9 kDa. The enzyme is synthesized as an inactive zymogen, proelastase, which is converted to the active form by limited proteolysis at the N-terminal by trypsin. It is a serine protease with broad specificity. It cleaves protein at the carboxyl side of small hydrophobic amino acids such as Ile, Gly, Ala, Ser, Val, and Leu. The enzyme also hydrolyzes amides and esters such as N-Benzoyl-L-alanine methyl ester. The pH optimum is found to be 8.0-8.5. It does not require any activator, but it is inhibited by diisopropyl fluorophosphate, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, α2-macroglobulin, α1-antitrypsin, sulfonyl fluorides and p-dinitrophenyl diethylphosphate and high salt concentrations. It is extensively used in tissue and cell dissociation procedures. Elastase is effective in the isolation of Type II lung cells.
