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外観
白色～ほとんど白色, 結晶～結晶性粉末又は顆粒
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定義
本品は、次の化学式で表される有機化合物である。
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溶解性
水に可溶 (7.1%), 熱水に易溶。エーテル, アセトン, ベンゼンに難溶。水及びエタノールに溶け、アセトンにほとんど溶けない。
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解説
ペンタエリトリトール，生成物は減圧昇華または希塩酸から再結晶する．融点260 ℃．水に易溶，有機溶媒に難溶．アルキド樹脂，乾性油塗料，爆薬ペントリット(四硝酸エステル)の製造に用いられる．
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
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用途
可塑剤、安定剤
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用途
ノイライザーP（ペンタエリスリトール）は塩化ビニル樹脂安定剤に使用されています。
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用途
有機合成原料(樹脂、可塑剤、界面活性剤、化粧品)。
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化粧品の成分用途
保湿.湿潤剤、保水剤
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製造
アセトアルデヒドの水溶液に約5倍量のパラホルムアルデヒドを懸濁させ，はげしくかきまぜながら水酸化カルシウムを加えて，アルドール縮合とカニッツァーロ反応をさせると得られるペンタエリトリトール．
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効能
緩下剤
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化学的特性
Pentaerythritol is a white crystalline solid.
Odorless.
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使用
In the manufacture of pentaerythritol
tetranitrate; alkyd resins in surface-coating compositions;
pentaerythritol triacrylate and protective
coatings; insecticides; pharmaceuticals
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定義
pentaerythritol: white crystallinecompound, C(CH2OH)4; m.p.260°C; b.p. 276°C (30 mmHg). It isused in making the explosive pentaerythritoltrinitrate and in producingresins and other organicproducts.
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一般的な説明
Odorless white solid. Sinks and mixes slowly with water.
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空気と水の反応
Water soluble.
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反応プロフィール
The four primary hydroxyl groups undergo the normal reactions of OH groups. Pentaerythritol is oxidized to tris (hydroxymethyl)acetic acid by air in the presence of platinum or palladium.
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反応プロフィール
Pentaerythritol is an alcohol. Pentaerythritol is incompatible with the following: Organic acids, oxidizers [Note: Explosive compound is formed when a mixture of PE & thiophosphoryl chloride is heated.] .
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健康ハザード
Non-toxic; no symptoms likely
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安全性プロファイル
Mildly toxic by ingestion. A nuisance dust. Flammable from heat or flame or oxidizers. Wxtures with thiophosphoryl chloride react when heated to form a product that ignites and then explodes on contact with air. Used in coatings, stabdizers, explosives, P.E.T.N resins, drugs, insecticides, and lubricants When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes
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職業ばく露
Pentaerythritol is used in coatings and
stabilizers; in the formation of alkyd resins and varnishes.
It is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of plasticizers,
explosives (PETN),and pharmaceuticals.
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輸送方法
UN1987 Alcohols, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 3;
Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
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純化方法
Reflux pentaerythritol with an equal volume of MeOH, then cool, and the precipitate is collected and dried at 90o. It can also be crystallised from dilute aqueous HCl. After sublimation under high vacuum at 200o it has m 265.5o. Its solubility in H2O is 10%. [Beilstein 18 III 2361, 1 IV 2812.]
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不和合性
Dust may form explosive mixture with
air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides,
permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong acids, organic acids,
strong bases. Aquesous solution is acidic. Explosive
compound is formed when a mixture of Pentaerythritol and
thiophosphoryl chloride (CAS 3892-91-0) is heated.
