m-クレゾール

外観

無色〜褐色, 澄明の液体

溶解性

水, エタノール, エーテルに可溶。エタノールに極めて溶けやすく、水にやや溶けにくい。

用途

水質試験用

用途

防腐剤、消毒剤

効能

抗真菌薬, 外用消毒薬

使用上の注意

不活性ガス封入

化学的特性

m-Cresol has a dry, tarry, medicinal–leathery odor. m-Cresol and p-cresol very often occur together and are difficult to separate.

天然物の起源

Reported found in beer, coffee, egg, grape, Oriental tobacco, roasted barley, rum, sherry and whiskey.

使用

m-Cresol is used as a disinfectant and solvent. Lysol^TM disinfectant is a 50% (v/v) mixed-cresol isomer in a soap emulsion formed on mixing with water. The isomer m-cresol is an oily liquid with low volatility. Besides disinfection at solutions of 1–5%, the cresols are used in degreasing compounds, paintbrush cleaners, and additives in lubricating oils. Cresols were once widely used for disinfection of poultry houses, but this use has been discontinued because they cause respiratory problems and abdominal edema in young chicks. m-Cresol has been used in synthetic resins, explosives, petroleum, photographic, paint, and agricultural industries.

調製方法

The cresols (cresylic acids) are methyl phenols and generally appear as a mixture of isomers. m-Cresol is prepared from m-toluic acid or obtained from coal tar or petroleum (352, 355, 356). Crude cresol is obtained by distilling “gray phenic acid” at a temperature of ～180–201°C. The m-cresol may be separated from the crude or purified mixture by repeated fractional distillation in vacuo. It can also be prepared synthetically by diazotization of the specific toluidine or by fusion of the corresponding toluenesulfonic acid with sodium hydroxide.

製造方法

One process involving butylation and separation and followed by dealkylation produces m-cresol and ditertiary butyl p-cresol. From m, p-cresol (which is the main product of the recovery process) pure m-cresol can be obtained by extraction.

定義

ChEBI: A cresol with the methyl substituent at position 3. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene.

一般的な説明

Colorless liquid with a sweet tarry odor. Sinks and mixes slowly with water.

空気と水の反応

Water soluble.

反応プロフィール

m-Cresol is sensitive to air, light and heat. m-Cresol is also hygroscopic. m-Cresol can react vigorously with strong oxidizers and strong bases. m-Cresol reacts violently with nitric acid, oleum, chlorosulfonic acid, metals and strong acids. If the water content is below approximately 0.3% and the temperature above 248° F, the corrosion of aluminum and its alloys may occur violently. m-Cresol will attack some forms of plastics, coatings and rubber.

危険性

Questionable carcinogen.

健康ハザード

INHALATION: Mucosal irritation and systemic poisoning EYES: Intense irritation and pain, swelling of conjunctiva, and corneal damage may occur. SKIN: Intense burning, loss of feeling, wrinkling, white discoloration, and softening. Gangrene may occur. INGESTION: Burning sensation in mouth and esophagus. Vomiting may result. Acute exposure by all routes may cause muscular weakness, gastroenteric disturbances, severe depression, collapse. Effects are primarily on CNS and edema of lungs. Injury of spleen and pancreas may occur.

接触アレルゲン

Metacresol is contained as a preservative in almost all human insulin. It has been reported as a cause of allergic reaction due to injected insulin.

安全性プロファイル

v Poison by ingestion, intravenous, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by skin contact. Severe eye and skin irritant. An experimental teratogen. Human mutation data reported. Questionable carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic data. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame. Moderately explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. See also other cresol entries and PHENOL.

職業ばく露

Cresol is used as a disinfectant and fumigant; as an ore flotation agent, and as an intermediate in the manufacture of chemicals, dyes, plastics, and antioxidants. A mixture of isomers is generally used; the concentrations of the components are determined by the source of the cresol.

概要

無色透明で粘性のある液体で、様々な化合物の原料となる。フェノールの誘導体であり、異性体にp-クレゾールとo-クレゾールがある。

発がん性

m-Cresol has induced a few papillomas but no carcinomas in tumor studies.

輸送方法

UN2076 Cresols, liquid, Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, 8-Corrosive material. UN3455 Cresols, solid, Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1- Poisonous materials, 8-Corrosive material.

不和合性

Vapors may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids; oxidizers, alkalies, aliphatic amines; amides, chlorosulfonic acid; oleum. Decomposes on heating, producing strong acids and bases, causing fire and explosion hazard. Liquid attacks some plastics and rubber. Attacks many metals.

廃棄物の処理

Wastewaters may be subjected to biological treatment. Concentrations may be further reduced by ozone treatment. High concentration wastes may be destroyed in special waste incinerators.