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用途
農薬?殺虫剤
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効能
外寄生生物駆除薬 (獣医薬), アセチルコリンエステラーゼ阻害薬
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説明
Abate is the trade name for Temephos, the known organophosphate larvicide. Abate is used
to treat water infested with disease-carrying fleas and control mosquito, midge, and black
fly larvae. Abate quickly controls mosquito and other insect populations because it kills
insect larvae before they mature, and the residual activity of abate prevents insect populations.
On decomposition, abate produces oxides of carbon, phosphorous, and sulphur.
Exposures to abate in workplaces cause adverse health effects (refer to Temephos for details).
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使用
Temephos is an organophosphate larvicide used to treat water infested with disease-carrying insects.
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一般的な説明
White crystalline solid or liquid. Boiling point 87°F. Used as an insecticide. Technical grade is a viscous brown liquid.
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反応プロフィール
Organothiophosphates are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.
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危険性
Cholinesterase inhibitor. Questionable carcinogen.
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健康ハザード
Exposures to high concentrations of temephos for a prolonged period of time cause poisoning
to occupational workers. The symptoms include, but are not limited to, nausea,
salivation, headache, loss of muscle coordination, and diffi culty breathing. Workers
exposed to a combination of temephos and malathion suffer potentiation of toxicity
of temephos. Exposures to granules of temephos formulation may cause irritation.
Prolonged and repeated skin contact may cause irritation. Inhalation may cause respiratory
irritation and chemical pneumonities. There are no reports on the prolonged effects
of temephos.
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农业用途
Insecticide, Larvicide: Temephos is one of the few organophosphates that is
registered to control mosquito larvae. It is a non-systemic
insecticide for use on wetlands, ponds, lakes and other
moist areas to control mosquito, gnat, black fly, midge,
pinkie and sandfly larvae. Banned for use in EU countries[
115]. Registered for use in the U.S.
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製品名
27165®; ABAT®; ABATE®; ABATE®
1-SG; ABATE® 2-CG; ABATE® 4-E; ABATE® 5CG;
ABATHION®; AI3-27165®; AC 52160®; AMERICAN
CYANAMID AC-52,160®; AMERICAN CYANAMID
CL-52160®; AMERICAN CYANAMID E. I.52,160®;
BIOTHION®; BITHION®; CL 52160®; DIFENPHOS®;
DIFENTHOS®; DIFOS®; DIPHOS®; ECOPRO®;
ECOPRO® 1707; EI 52160®; NEPHIS®; NEPHIS® 1G;
NIMITEX®; NIMITOX®
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安全性プロファイル
Posion by ingestion Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and skin contact routes. An experimental teratogen. A skin irritant. A cholinesterase inhibitor type of insecticide. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of POx and SOx. See also PARATHION,
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発がん性
The EPA noted a chronic dog
study (period of exposure not specified) in which significant
inhibition of plasma and RBC cholinesterase occurred at
dietary exposures equivalent to 12.5 mg/kg/day but not at
0.46 mg/kg/day .
No evidence of carcinogenicity or other treatment-related
effects occurred in rats fed a diet that contained 0, 10, 100, or
300 ppm temephos (equivalent to about 0.5, 5.0, or 15 mg/kg/
day) for 2 years . The animals in the treated groups
were exposed in utero from gestation day 12 through parturition
to 100 ppm of the test material, and at weaning pups
were randomly allocated to the three treatment groups and
the treatment initiated.
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代謝経路
Temephos is comparatively stable to metabolic degradation in both animals
and plants. The main pathway is via thiooxidation to the sulfoxide
and through hydrolysis to yield 4,4’-thiodiphenol and its thiooxidised
derivatives which are conjugated as glucosides in plants and as sulfate
esters in rats. Oxidative desulfuration to temephos oxon is apparently a
minor pathway.
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貯蔵
During use and handling of abate, occupational workers/applicators should wear long-
sleeved shirts, long pants, shoes, and socks, chemical-resistant gloves, and protective
eyewear, goggles, or safety glasses. Flaggers must wear chemical-resistant headgear and
protective eyewear.
