テルピノレン

外観

無色～うすい黄色、液体

解説

テルピノレン，マツ科Cupressus macrocarpaなどの精油に含まれているモノテルペンで，シロアリ類の警報フェロモンである．テルピネオールに希硫酸を作用させるか，ピネンを濃硫酸と加熱してつくる．"不安定な物質で，テルピネンなどに異性化したり重合しやすい．沸点67～68 ℃(13 kPa)．d²⁰₄0.8628．n²⁰_D1.4888．

用途

防臭香料,中沸点溶剤,重合調整剤

用途

有機合成原料。

使用上の注意

不活性ガス封入

化学的特性

Terpinolene has a pleasant sweet-piney odor with a somewhat sweet, citrus flavor.

天然物の起源

Reported found in citrus juices and oils, black currant, guava, papaya, raspberry, various spice and mint oils, tea, passion fruit, litchi, lovage oil, distilled lime peel oil, ginger, nutmeg, pepper, mace, coriander seed, lovage seed, lovage root, myrtle leaf, pimento berry, pimento leaf, winter savory, smaller galanga, Ethiopian or guinea pepper and ashanti pepper.

使用

Solvent for resins, essential oils; manufacture of synthetic resins, synthetic flavors.

定義

ChEBI: A p-menthadiene with double bonds at positions 1 and 4(8).

製造方法

By alcoholic sulphuric acid treatment of pinene (Arctander, 1969).

調製方法

Terpinolene used to be extracted by fractional distillation of wood turpentine. It is now produced bytreatinga-pinene with aqueous H3PO4 at 75 ℃. It is preferable to distill terpinolene under vacuum to minimize the formation of polymeric products at elevated temperatures.

一般的な説明

A water-white to light amber colored liquid. Insoluble in water and less dense than water. Flash point 99°F. Used to make plastics and resins.

空気と水の反応

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

反応プロフィール

Terpinolene may react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. May react exothermically with reducing agents to release hydrogen gas. In the presence of various catalysts (such as acids) or initiators, may undergo exothermic addition polymerization reactions.

危険性

Flammable, moderate fire risk.

健康ハザード

Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

薬理学

Combinations of terpenes, such as terpinolene, with nonionic surfactants and stabilizers have been patented for use as gallstone solvents. Human cholesterol calculi heated in mixtures containing terpinolene and human bile were dissolved within 1-2 hr (Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc., 1973).

安全性プロファイル

Mildly toxic by ingestion. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical. Can react with oxidning materials. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.