ボロントリフルオリド - エチルエーテル コンプレックス

外観

無色～うすい黄色, 澄明の液体

溶解性

水と反応し分解。アルコール, アセトンに易溶。エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水で分解してジエチルエーテルを遊離する。

用途

有機合成(和光試薬時報Vol.62 No.3,p.29(1994)、Vol.62 No.1,p.25(1994))。

用途

アセチル化、アルキル化、重合、脱水及び縮合反応用触媒(MERCK (14TH, 2006))。有機合成触媒(NITE総合検索 (ACCESS ON NOV. 2010))。

化学的特性

Boron trifluoride etherates: (compounded with methyl ether) is moisture-sensitive, corrosive, flammable liquid.

物理的性質

Fuming liquid; stable at ambient temperatures but hydrolyzed on exposure to moist air; density 1.125 g/mL; refractive index 1.348; solidifies at -60.4°C; boils at 125.7°C; flash point (open cup) 147°F (68.8°C); decomposes in water.

使用

Boron trifluoride diethyl etherate is used as a Lewis acid catalyst in Mukaiyama aldol addition, alkylation, acetylation, isomerization, dehydrations and condensation reactions. It is involved in the prepattion of polyethers in polymerization reactions. As a catalyst, it is used in the preparation of cyclopentyl- and cycloheptyl[b]indoles and other diborane. It is also used in sensitive neutron detectors in ionization chambers as well as monitoring radiation levels in earth?s atmosphere.

主な応用

Catalyst in the synthesis of polyol chains. Reagent for the coupling of imines to allylstannanes and 4′-nitrobenzenesulfenanilide to alkenes and alkynes.
Lewis acid reagent with broad application
Catalyst used in the preparation of cyclopentyl- and cycloheptyl[b]indoles from aryl cyclopropyl ketones via [3+2] cycloaddition.

製造方法

Boron trifluoride etherate is prepared by the reaction of vapors of boron trifluoride with that of anhydrous diethyl ether:
BF₃ (g) + (C₂H₅)₂O (g) → (C₂H₅)₂O?BF₃.

一般的な説明

Boron trifluoride etherate is a fuming liquid. Boron trifluoride etherate may be corrosive to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Boron trifluoride etherate may be toxic by inhalation. Upon exposure to water Boron trifluoride etherate may emit flammable and corrosive vapors. Boron trifluoride etherate is used as a catalyst in chemical reactions.

空気と水の反応

Highly flammable. Fuming liquid, immediately hydrolyzed by moisture in air to form hydrogen fluoride [Merck 11th ed. 1989].

反応プロフィール

Boron trifluoride diethyl ether complex is a stable, highly flammable, colourless to brown fuming, corrosive liquid with a sharp pungent odour. It forms explosive peroxides in contact with air or oxygen. It reacts exothermically with water to form extremely flammable diethyl ether and toxic, corrosive boron trifluoride hydrates. The chemical is incompatible with bases, amines, and alkali metals. It immediately gets hydrolysed by moisture in air to form hydrogen fluoride. Boron trifluoride diethyl ether has applications in chemical laboratory as a catalyst in chemical reactions.

危険性

The compound is highly toxic by inhalation. Skin contact causes burns.

健康ハザード

May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

火災危険

Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

職業ばく露

Used as a catalyst.

輸送方法

Diethyl: UN2604 Boron trifluoride diethyl etherate, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8—Corrosive material, 3—Flammable liquid. Dimethyl: UN2965 Boron trifluoride dimethyl etherate, Hazard class: 4.3; Labels: 4.3— Dangerous when wet, 8—Corrosive material, 3— Flammable liquid.

不和合性

Reacts with air forming corrosive hydrogen fluoride vapors. Incompatible with oxidizers (may cause fire and explosion), water, steam or heat, forming corrosive and flammable vapors. Peroxide containing etherate reacts explosively with aluminum lithium hydride, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate. Mixtures with phenol react explosively with 1,3-butadiene. Presumed to form explosive peroxides.