ウイキョウ油

定義

本品は、ウイキョウ Foeniculum vulgare の果実から得られる精油である。[Anethum foeniculm][Foeniculum officinale]

解説

ういきょう油，フェンネル油ともいう．セリ科のFoeniculum vulgareの実を粉砕して，これを水蒸気蒸留すると得られる芳香油．d¹⁵ 0.965～0.977．n²⁰_D 1.528～1.538．主成分はアネトールで，フェンヒョンも含まれる．リキュールの香料，医薬品，アネトールの製造原料などに用いられる．森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）

化粧品の成分用途

皮膚コンディショニング剤、香料

化学的特性

Fennel oil is obtained by steam distillation of the aerial parts of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. ssp. vulgare var. vulgare (bitter fennel). It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a camphoraceous, sweet–spicy odor and a slightly bittersweet camphoraceous taste, d²⁰₂₀ 0.944–0.973; n²⁰_D 1.514–1.538; α²⁰_D +11 ° to +29 °. The main constituents are monoterpene hydrocarbons such as ??-phellandrene (0–8.5%) and limonene (1–6%), fenchone (10–25%), estragole (1–6%), and (E)-anethole (50–78%). With increasing maturity of the fruits, the content of monoterpenes decreases. The ripe fruits yield an oil with 50–70% anethole and 5–25% fenchone. In contrast, the oil of the ripe fruits of sweet fennel (F. vulgare Mill. ssp. vulgare var. dulce) contains less than 5% fenchone and more than 75% anethole.
Fennel oil is produced mainly in Hungary, Tasmania, North Africa, and India in a quantity of few 10 t/yr. In total. It is used in flavoring oral care products and alcoholic beverages (anise liqueurs).

物理的性質

It is a colorless to pale-yellow liquid.

天然物の起源

Found in the plant Foeniculum vulgare Thellung (Fam. Umbelliferae) (Guenther, 1950).

使用

Flavoring agent in foods and pharmaceuticals. Fennel Oil can be used in eye washes and in facial steams to soothe and clean skin.

製造方法

By steam distillation of the seeds of Foeniculum vulgare (Fenarolfs Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, 1971).

精油の成分

The main constituents of the oil include anethole, d-phellandrene and d-limonene.

安全性プロファイル

Moderately toxic by ingestion. Mutation data reported. A severe skin irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.