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外観
無色澄明の液体
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溶解性
水に可溶 (3.6g/100ml, 30℃), アルコール, エーテルに易溶。エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水にやや溶けにくい。
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用途
光学活性アミルグループ導入のため有機合成に使われる。スズメバチやカリバチ、クロスズメバチの誘引剤。果物やワインに含まれる天然アルコールで、ウイスキー様、ワイン様、たまねぎ様の芳香を持ち、加工食品の香料に利用される。
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化学的特性
(+/–)2-Methyl-1-butanol has a cooked, roasted aroma with fruity or alcoholic undernotes.
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天然物の起源
Reportedly present in over 120 natural food products, including apple, apricot, banana, orange, bilberry, black
currant, cranberry, papaya, strawberry, tomato and alcoholic beverages
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使用
2-Methyl-1-butanol is a whiskey-scented amyl alcohol that is naturally present in all fruits wine and beer. 2-Methyl-1-butanol is commercially used as a solvent in paints and oils and as flavorant in many processed foods. 2-Methyl-1-butanol has a characteristic redolence, which is thought to account for its active properties as an attractant for hornets and certain wasps, such as yellowjackets, in traps. As a biochemical active ingredient, it has a non-toxic mode of action – targeted pests are killed through physical entrapment.
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調製方法
2-methyl-1-butanol are refined from ethanol production as
fusel oil. Isoamyl alcohols are used as solvents
for oils, fats, resins, and waxes; in the plastics industry in
spinning polyacrylonitrile; and in manufacturing lacquers,
chemicals, and pharmaceuticals.
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製造方法
Prepared from hydroboration of 2-methyl-1-butene. (–)2-Methyl-1-butanol is isolated by fractional distillation of
fusel oil
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定義
The
active alcohol from fusel oil. The synthetic product
is a racemic mixture of both dextroand levorotatory compounds and therefore not optically active.
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一般的な説明
S-(-)-2-Methyl-1-butanol is a precursor for the synthesis of chiral liquid crystals. It is a potential new-biofuel.
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危険性
Moderate fire and explosion risk. Toxic by
ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption.
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安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic by
skin contact and intraperitoneal routes.
Mddly toxic by ingestion. An eye, skin, and
mucous membrane irritant. Can cause
deafness, delirium, headache, nausea, and
vomiting. Flammable liquid when exposed
to heat, flame, or oxidizers. Explosive in the
form of vapor when exposed to heat or
flame. Incompatible with H2S3. To fight fire,
use alcohol foam, spray, mist, dry chemical.
When heated to decomposition it emits
acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also
ALCOHOLS.
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職業ばく露
(n-isomer); Suspected reprotoxic hazard,
Primary irritant (w/o allergic reaction), (iso-, primary):
Possible risk of forming tumors, Primary irritant (w/o allergic
reaction), (sec-, active primary-, and other isomers)
Primary irritant (w/o allergic reaction). Used as a solvent in
organic synthesis and synthetic flavoring, pharmaceuticals,
corrosion inhibitors; making plastics and other chemicals;
as a flotation agent. The (n-isomer) is used in preparation
of oil additives, plasticizers, synthetic lubricants, and as a
solvent.
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輸送方法
UN2811 Pentanols, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-
Flammable liquid. UN1987 Alcohols, n.o.s., Hazard Class:
3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
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純化方法
Reflux the butanol with CaO, distil, reflux with magnesium and again fractionally distil it. A small sample of highly purified material is obtained by fractional crystallisation after conversion into a suitable ester such as the trinitrophthalate or the 3-nitrophthalate. The latter is converted to the cinchonine salt in acetone and recrystallised from CHCl3 by adding pentane. The salt is saponified, extracted with ether, and fractionally distilled. [Terry et al. J Chem Eng Data 5 403 1960, Beilstein 1 IV 1666.]
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不和合性
Forms an explosive mixture with air.
Contact with strong oxidizers and hydrogen trisulfide may
cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with strong acids.
Violent reaction with alkaline earth metals forming hydrogen,
a flammable gas.
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廃棄物の処理
Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator
equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal,
state, and local environmental regulations must be
observed.
