酸化セリウム(Ⅳ)

外観

白色～うすい黄色, 粉末

定義

本品は、セリウムの酸化物であり、次の化学式で表される。

溶解性

水に不溶。塩酸及び硝酸に溶けにくく、水にほとんど溶けない。

解説

酸化セリウム(Ⅳ),淡黄色の等軸晶系結晶．密度7.3 g cm－3．水に不溶，塩酸，硝酸，希硫酸に難溶，熱濃硫酸に可溶．硫酸酸性水溶液は Ce4＋ の強い酸化作用を示す．ガラスの研磨剤，紫外線吸収ガラスの添加剤，化粧品，窯業の材料，蛍光体，触媒などに用いられる．

森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）

用途

板ガラス研磨、レンズ消色、ブラウン管研磨、光学ガラス研磨、自動車排気ガス触媒

用途

ファインセラミックス材料、ガラス消色剤、研磨剤(ガラス、光学レンズ、ブラウン管)、触媒。

用途

板ガラス、光学ガラスの研磨

化粧品の成分用途

不透明化剤

ジンテーゼ

酸化セリウム（iv）は、空気中の炭酸セリウム、シュウ酸塩、および水酸化物の激しく加熱された合計から得ることができます。

使用上の注意

アルゴン封入

化学的特性

Cerium dioxide is white to faintly yellow powder. Relative density 7.132. Melting point 2600°C. Insoluble in water, not easily soluble in inorganic acid. Need to add reducing agent to help dissolve (such as hydroxylamine reducing agent).

物理的性質

Pale yellow cubic crystals. Abrasive for polishing glass, interference filters, antireflection coating. Insoluble in water, soluble in H₂ SO₄ and HNO_3, but insoluble in diluted acid.

物理的性質

White powder in pure form; technical grade material is pale yellow; presence of other lanthanide elements as impurities may impart reddish color; cubic crystal; density 7.65 g/cm³; melts at 2,400°C; insoluble in water.

使用

The addition of CeO2 to CuO/TiO2 increases specific surface area and inhibits sintering and pore size growth at high temperatures. It is used as an additive in glass industry. Cerium dioxide is mainly used as such or in formulation as a high precision polishing agent for glass products, as catalyst or catalyst support. Polishing and decolorizing glass; opacifier in vitreous enamels and photo chromic glasses; heat-resistant alloy coatings; as a cracking catalyst; as a catalyst for automobile emission control; in ceramic coatings; in phosphors; in cathodes; in capacitors; in semiconductors; in refractory oxides; gemstone polishing, as raw material for the production of glass and ceramics as well as additives in paints and varnishes.

主な応用

Cerium(IV) oxide is used in ceramics, and to polish glass and stones. It is applied as a solid electrolyte in fuel cells. It can also be employed as a co-catalyst in a number of reactions. It is also used as an antioxidant and to generate hydrogen through water splitting. It is used as a high-temperature hydrocarbon oxidation catalyst in self-cleaning ovens. It can be used in infrared filters, incandescent mantles and sunscreens in combination with other materials. It finds use as a catalyst support and to sensitize photosensitive glass.

定義

Cerium dioxide is a metal oxide with formula CeO2. It is used for polishing glass, in coatings for infra-red filters to prevent reflection, and as an oxidant and catalyst in organic synthesis.

製造方法

Cerium(IV) oxide may be obtained by heating cerium oxalate, carbonate or other salts at elevated temperatures:
Ce₂(C₂O₄)₃ + 2O₂ → 2CeO₂ + 6CO₂

一般的な説明

Cerium(IV) oxide (CeO₂) is a class of rare earth materials which can be synthesized by a variety of methods which include thermal hydrolysis and hydrothermal method. Its properties include a high refractive index, and dielectric constant.