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外観
白色, 結晶〜結晶性粉末
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定義
本品は、次の化学式で表されるアミノ酸である。
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溶解性
水100gに12.73g (0℃), 16.51g (25℃)溶解。エーテル等有機溶媒に不溶。水に溶けやすく、エタノール及びジエチルエーテルにほとんど溶けない。
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解説
L-α-アラニン(2-aminopropionic acid)：略号AlaまたはA．動物，植物のタンパク質構成アミノ酸として，または遊離の状態で広く分布している．そのほか，一般式RCH2CH(NH2)COOH(Rは炭化水素基)で示されるアラニンの誘導体も多く存在する．絹フィブロインの25％ を占め，くずまゆからエチルエステルとして分離できる．工業的には，発酵法でつくられているが，D,L-アラニンはアセトアルデヒドからシアン化水素とアンモニアを用いるストレッカー(Strecker)法で合成される．斜方晶系(水)．分解点297 ℃．＋8.5°(アラニン塩酸塩)．pKa1 2.34，pKa2 9.69．pI6.00．甘味がある．必須アミノ酸ではなく，清酒の味つけに用いられる．
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用途
アミノ酸研究、ペプチド原料あるいは医・農薬の不斉骨格源。
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化粧品の成分用途
ヘアコンディショニング剤、皮膚コンディショニング剤
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効能
アラニン補充薬
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説明
L-Alanine is a non-essential amino acid. It is produced by direct β-decarboxylation of L-aspartate by L-aspartate β-decarboxylase or transamination of pyruvate in the glucose-alanine cycle and is a precursor for gluconeogenesis. Dysregulation of L-alanine metabolism is associated with various disease states, including diabetes, metabolic syndrome, ketotic hypoglycemia, and acquired acute lactic acidosis.
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化学的特性
White crystalline powder
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物理的性質
pI 6.01, dissociation constants: pK1 2.34, pK2 9.69.
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天然物の起源
Natural constituent of protein in plants and animals; found in apple, beef, carob, pea, soybean, wine and
zucchini
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使用
L-Alanine plays a vital role in glucose-alanine cycle between tissue and liver. It is used for protein construction as well as involved in the metabolism of tryptophan and vitamin pyridoxine. It provides energy for muscles and central nervous system in order to strengthen the immune system. It helps in the metabolism of sugars and organic acids, and enhances the germination rates of Bacillus subtilis spores. It also displays a cholesterol-reducing effect in animals.
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定義
ChEBI: The L-enantiomer of alanine.
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調製方法
L -Alanine is industrially produced from L -aspartic acid by means of immobilized Pseudomonas dacunhae cells in a pressurized bioreactor. An alanine racemase-deficient mutant of Arthro-bacter oxydans was reported, that produces75 g/L L -alanine from glucose with a yield of 52% and 95% e.e. A small amount of L -alanine is still isolated from protein hydrolysates.
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製造方法
Anthrobacter oxydans HAP-1 hyper produces DL-alanine in a nongrowth-associated manner.
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一般的な説明
L-Alanine, a non-essential amino acid,?is produced enzymatically from?L-aspartate using aspartate β-decarboxylase.?It is the smallest among all the amino acids.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.
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安全性プロファイル
Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Nox
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純化方法
Crystallise alanine from H2O or aqueous EtOH, i.e. crystallise it from 25% EtOH in water, or recrystallise it from 62.5% EtOH, wash it with EtOH and dry it to constant weight in vacuo over P2O5. [Gutter & Kegeles J Am Chem Soc 75 3893 1953, Walsh J Biol Chem 264 2394 1989.] 2,2'-Iminodipropionic acid is a likely impurity. [Beilstein 4 IV 2480. 2481.]
