酢酸 tert-ブチル

外観

無色澄明の液体

溶解性

エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水にほとんど溶けない。

用途

酢酸tert-ブチル（さくさんターシャリーブチル、tert-Butyl acetate）もしくはt-butyl acetateは樟脳やブルーベリーに似た臭いの無色可燃性体の有機化合物である。酢酸tert-ブチルは塗料（ラッカー、エナメル）や接着剤製造あるいはシンナーや工業用クリーナーの溶媒に利用される。

用途

溶剤、着香料。

化学的特性

tert-Butyl acetate or t-butyl acetate is a colorless flammable liquid with a camphoror blueberry-like smell. It is used as a solvent in the production of lacquers, enamels, inks, adhesives, thinners, and industrial cleaners. It is also used as an additive to improve the antiknock properties of motor fuels. tert-Butyl acetate has three isomers: n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, and sec-butyl acetate.

物理的性質

Colorless liquid with a fruity odor. Odor threshold concentration in water is 4 ppm (CHRIS, 1994). Nagata and Takeuchi (1990) reported an odor threshold concentration of 71 ppb_v.

調製方法

tert-Butyl acetate is prepared from isobutylene reacting with acetic acid in the liquid phase with vanadium pentoxideimpregnated silica as the catalyst and with heat to increase the yield .

一般的な説明

Tert-butyl acetate is a colorless liquid with a mild odor. Floats on water. Produces irritating vapor. (USCG, 1999)

空気と水の反応

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

反応プロフィール

tert-Butyl acetate is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. tert-Butyl acetate is incompatible with the following: Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids .

危険性

Flammable, moderate fire risk. Eye and upper respiratory tract irritant.

健康ハザード

Exposure to tert-butyl acetate causes eye, skin, and respiratory irritation in workers. By analogy with the effects of exposure to similar esters, tert-butyl acetate may act as a CNS depressant at high concentrations. The signs and symptoms of acute exposure to tert-butyl acetate include, but are not limited to, itchy or inflamed eyes and irritation of the nose and upper respiratory tract. Exposures to tert-butyl acetate at high concentrations may cause headache, drowsiness, and other narcotic effects.

安全性プロファイル

Poison by inhalation and ingestion. Flammable. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

職業ばく露

n-Butyl acetate is an important solvent in the production of lacquers, leather and airplane dopes, and perfumes. It is used as a solvent and gasoline additive. sec-Butyl acetate is used as a widely used solvent for nitrocellulose, nail enamels and many different purposes. tert-Butyl acetate is common industrial solvent used in the making of lacquers, artificial leather, airplane dope, perfume; and as a food additive. Isobutyl acetate is used as a solvent and in perfumes and artificial flavoring materials

環境運命予測

Chemical/Physical. Hydrolyzes in water to tert-butyl alcohol and acetic acid. The estimated hydrolysis half-life at 25 °C and pH 7 is 140 yr (Mabey and Mill, 1978).

貯蔵

tert-Butyl acetate should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area in tightly sealed containers that are labeled in accordance with regulatory standards. Containers of tert butyl acetate should be protected from physical damage and should be stored separately from nitrates, strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong alkalis, heat, sparks, and open flame. Because containers that formerly contained tert-butyl acetate may still hold product resi dues, they should be handled appropriately

輸送方法

UN1123 Butyl acetates, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3—Flammable liquid.

純化方法

Wash the ester with 5% Na2CO3 solution, then saturated aqueous CaCl2, dry with CaSO4 and distil it. [McClosky et al. Org Synth Coll Vol IV 263 1963, Mangia et al. Org Prep Proc Int 18 13 1986, Beilstein 2 IV 151.]

不和合性

All butyl acetates are incompatible with nitrates, strong oxidizers; strong alkalies; strong acids. Butyl acetates may form explosive mixture with air; reacts with water, on standing, to form acetic acid and n-butyl alcohol. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers and potassium-tert-butoxide. Dissolves rubber, many plastics, resins and some coatings. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors

廃棄物の処理

Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.

予防処置

If exposures to tert-butyl acetate or a solution in work areas gets into the eyes, immediately fl ush the eyes with large amounts of water for a minimum of 15 min, lifting the lower and upper lids occasionally. Always use safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.