オリガヌム オイル

外観

うすい黄色～くすんだ黄色～暗い緑色透明液体

化学的特性

Origanum oils are produced from the flowering herb of Mediterranean Origanum (Lamiaceae) species, mainly Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum. Spanish origanum oil is derived from Coridothymus capitatus Rchb., syn. Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. The oils differ mainly in their content of carvacrol and thymol, which are major constituents. Oil with a high carvacrol content is a yellowish-red to dark brown liquid with a spicy, herbaceous odor, reminiscent of thyme.The color quickly turns to blackwhen in contact with iron.
d²⁰₂₀ 0.930–0.955; n²⁰_D 1.500–1.513; α²⁰_D ?5 ° to +2 °; solubility: 1 vol in ≤4 vol of 70% ethanol; solutions may become opalescent. Composition: ??-terpinene 3.5–10%; p-cymene 5.5–9%, thymol 0–5%, carvacrol 60–75% (Spanish type).
Annually, some 10 t each of Spanish origanum oil and of O. vulgare oil are produced, the latter mainly in Hungary. Origanum oils are used in perfume compositions for herbal, spicy, leathery notes and in seasoning mixtures.

天然物の起源

Found in the herb Thymus capitatus Hoffmgg. et Link and various other species of Origanum (Fam. Labiatae).

製造方法

By steam distillation of the flowering herb.

精油の成分

Screening of antimicrobial activity compounds in Lippia graveolens showed that most of compounds were flavonoids mono- and dihydroxylated in the B ring.* Volatile oil from oregano contains carvacrol.

安全性プロファイル

Poison by skin contact. Moderately toxic by ingestion. A severe skin irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also CARVACROL