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外観
うすい黄色～黄色, 結晶性粉末～粉末
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溶解性
メタノール及びエタノール(95)に溶けやすく、水にほとんど溶けない。
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用途
がん研究用試薬
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用途
非ステロイド性抗アンドロゲ
ン作用を持ちます。アンドロゲン受容体への
アンドロゲンの結合を阻害します。
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用途
医薬(抗アンドロゲン剤)
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効能
抗悪性腫瘍薬, アンドロゲン受容体拮抗薬
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商品名
オダイン (日本化薬)
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説明
Flutamide is an orally active, non-steroidal antiandrogen indicated for the treatment
of prostatic cancer in both castrates and noncastrates.
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化学的特性
Light Yellow Solid
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来歴
Flutamide was first described as a member of a series of N-acyl anilides synthesized at Monsanto in the 1960s during a compound finding program aiming at bacteriostatic agents. Soon after, at Schering Corp., the compound was characterized pharmacologically and further developed as SCH-13521. It was found that flutamide inhibits agonist action at the AR by replacing the agonist at the ligand binding site, being the first nonsteroidal compound possessing anti-androgenic activity in animals. In contrast to steroidal anti-androgens, for instance, cyproterone acetate, which also displays significant progestational activity, flutamide has no other hormonal activity. There is also no reduction of serum testosterone levels seen with flutamide but rather a slight increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) resulting in elevated serum testosterone levels. This accounts for the beneficial maintenance of libido and potency in sexually active patients. On the other hand, elevated serum estradiol levels resulting from peripheral testosterone aromatization leading to gynecomastia were observed in patients.
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使用
Flutamide is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen drug; antineoplastic (hormonal).
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適応症
Flutamide (Eulexin) is a nonsteroidal androgen receptor
antagonist that inhibits androgen binding to its
nuclear receptor. It is effective in inducing prostatic regression
and is approved for the treatment of prostatic
carcinoma. For maximum clinical effectiveness it has to
be used in combination with a GnRH antagonist (e.g.,
leuprolide acetate) that inhibits androgen production.
Flutamide may eventually be used for the treatment of
hirsutism and male pattern baldness in women if a topical
preparation is developed.
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一般的な説明
Flutamide, 2-methyl-N-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanamide, is dosed 3 times daily(250-mg dose; 750-mg total daily dose). A major metaboliteof flutamide, hydroxyflutamide, is a more potent AR antagonistthan the parent compound. This metabolite, which ispresent at a much higher steady-state concentration than isflutamide, contributes a significant amount of the antiandrogen action of this drug. A limiting factor in the useof flutamide is hepatotoxicity in from 1% to 5% of patients.Although the hepatotoxicity usually is reversible followingcessation of treatment, rare cases of death associated withhepatic failure have been reported to be associated with flutamidetherapy. Diarrhea is also a limiting side effect withflutamide therapy for some patients.
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接触アレルゲン
Flutamide is an antiandrogenic hormonal antineoplas tic drug that can induce photosensitivity and porphy ria-like eruption.
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作用機序
Flutamide is a nonsteroid drug that possesses antiandrogenic action. It blocks androgens
from binding with target tissues, thus preventing androgen action. The mechanism of
action is possibly also linked with a halt in dihydrotestosterone transport. It facilitates a
reduction in size and density of the prostate gland, and it reduces the amount of metastases
in such cancer, for which it is used in palliative treatment of prostate gland cancer.
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臨床応用
Flutamide is a pure antagonist, whereas 2-hydroxyflutamide is a more potent AR antagonist but also can activate the androgenic receptor at higher concentrations. These findings raise the possibility that increased conversion of flutamide to 2-hydroxyflutamide or accumulation of 2-hydroxyflutamide in cells may contribute to the anomalous responses to flutamide that are observed in some advanced prostate cancers.
