レモンイエロー23

外観

赤黄色〜黄赤色, 粉末

定義

クロム酸バリウムやクロム酸ストロンチウムから作られる淡黄色の顔料。また、それから作られる絵の具やその色。レモン色。アシッドエロは、平成15年厚労省令第126号に示される黄色4号又はそのアルミニウムレーキ又はそのバリウムレーキ又はそのジルコニウムレーキである。

溶解性

水に易溶，グリセリン，グリコール類に可溶、エタノールに難溶、油脂に不溶。水に可溶(黄色)。エタノール、セロソルブに微溶。他の有機溶媒に不溶。濃硫酸で黄色を呈し希釈しても変わらない。

解説

アシッドエロは，色名の一つ。JISの色彩規格では「あざやかな緑みの黄」としている。一般に、熟したレモンの果皮のような明るい黄色をさす。レモンはミカン科の常緑果樹で、果実は初冬に熟す。非常に酸味が強い。日本では「さわやか」というイメージをもつが、英語圏では「不良品、くだらない、まぬけ」といった悪いイメージでとらえられる。そのめた「レモンをもらったら、レモネードをつくれ」という格言がある。日本でいえば「災い転じて福となせ」という意味。色名は絵の具、クレヨンなどに使われる。
講談社 色名がわかる辞典について　情報

用途

硫酸浴で羊毛、絹を黄色に染める。堅ロウ度：日光、洗タクに良。精製品は食用黄色4号の名で食用に使われ、バリウム塩は日光に堅ろうな紙着色剤として用いられる。

化粧品の成分用途

着色剤

説明

FD & C Yellow No. 5 is principally the trisodium salt of 4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-l-(4-sulfophenyl)-4-[4-sulfophenyl-azo]-lH- pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid.
The colorant is a yellow-orange powder that dissolves in water to give a solution golden yellow at neutrality and in acid. When dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, it yields an orange-yellow solution that turns yellow when diluted with water.
FD & C Yellow No. 5 is regularly used in desserts (e.g., dessert powders, puddings, custards, gelatin, ice cream), candy, preserves, beverages (including carbonated soda beverages and flavored drink powders), prepared meats, and canned and frozen vegetables. It is also used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.1 .

化学的特性

Deep yellow powder

使用

Tartrazine is used as a dye for wool and silks; as colorant in food, drugs, and cosmetics. In biochemistry as an adsorption-elution indicator for chloride estimations. Tartrazine (otherwise known as E number E102, C.I. 19140, or FD&C Yellow 5) is a synthetic lemon yellow azo dye used as a food coloring. Tartrazine appears to cause the most allergic and intolerance reactions of all the azo dyes, particularly among as thmatics and those with an aspirin intolerance.

定義

ChEBI: An organic sodium salt which is the trisodium salt of tartrazine acid. A synthetic lemon yellow azo dye used as a food colouring.

製造方法

Commonly known??Tartmzine ?. (a) 4-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid diazo, and 5-Oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid coupled; (b) 2 Moore 4-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid?and dioxide 5 diacid reaction

世界保健機関（WHO）

Tartrazine is widely used as a permitted colouring agent in food and pharmaceutical preparations. Its use has been associated with allergic reactions some of which have been severe. Several national drug regulatory authorities now require a warning on labels of products containing tartrazine and some manufacturers have voluntarily withdrawn this compound from their products.

一般的な説明

Tartrazine is a synthetic azo dye, commonly found in drugs, food products and cosmetics. It can be synthesized by the reaction of sulfanilic acid with 3-carboxy-l-(4-sulfophenyl)-5-pyrazolone.

危険性

An allergen.

安全性プロファイル

Low toxicity by ingestion. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx, SOx, and Na2O.

毒性学

This coloring agent is 5-hydroxy-1-p-sulfophenyl-4-(p-sulfophenylazo)- pyrazol-3-carboxylic acid, trisodium salt. It is a yellow powder and has been used as food coloring additive since 1916. Tartrazine is known as the least toxic coloring agent among synthetic coloring chemicals. The median acute oral lethal dose of tartrazine in mice is 12.17 g/kg. Beagle dogs received tartrazine as 2% of the diet for two years without adverse effects, with the possible exception of pyloric gastritis in one dog. Tumor incidence was unchanged relative to controls, in rats receiving tartrazine at 1.5% of the diet for 64 weeks, and in rats administered this dye at 5.0% of the diet for two years.
Human sensitivity to tartrazine has been reported with some frequency and has been estimated to occur in 1/10,000 persons. Anaphylactic shock, potentially life-threatening, has been reported but symptoms more commonly cited are urticaria (hives), asthma, and purpura (blue or purple spots on the skin or mucous membrane).