プロポキスル

外観

白色、結晶性粉末～粉末

溶解性

水に不溶 (0.2g/100ml, 20℃)。極性溶媒に可溶。アセトンに溶け、水に溶けにくい。

用途

残留PHC試験用標準品。

用途

農薬(殺虫剤)(失効農薬) (NITE CHRIP)

効能

殺虫薬, 抗寄生虫薬, アセチルコリンエステラーゼ阻害薬

農薬用途

動物薬、殺虫剤

説明

Propoxur, 2-isopropoxyphenyl methylcarbamate (IUPAC),forms colorless crystals, which are moderately soluble in most organic solvents.

化学的特性

Propoxur is a white to tan crystalline solid or powder. Faint characteristic odor

使用

Propoxur is a non-systematic carbamate insecticide. Propoxur is used against a wide range of insects such as fleas, mosquitoes, ants, gypsy moths, and other agricultural pests. Propoxur functions by r eversibly inactivating the enzyme acetylcholinesterase in insects.

定義

ChEBI: A carbamate ester that is phenyl methylcarbamate substituted at position 2 by a propan-2-yloxy group.

製造方法

Propoxur is prepared by reaction of 2-isopropoxyphenol with methylisocyanate.

一般的な説明

White to tan crystalline powder with a faint, characteristic odor. Used as an insecticide.

反応プロフィール

Propoxur is incompatible with the following: Strong oxidizers, alkalis [Note: Emits highly toxic methyl isocyanate fumes when heated to decomposition.] .

危険性

Toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Cholinesterase inhibitor. Possible carcinogen.

健康ハザード

A highly toxic substance by ingestion, andpossibly by most other routes of exposure;moderately toxic by inhalation and skin contact; cholinesterase inhibitor; toxic effects aresimilar to those of other carbamate pesticidesand include excessive salivation, lacrimation, slow heart rate, blurred vision, twitchingof muscle and lack of coordination, nausea,weakness, diarrhea and abdominal pain; oralintake of probably 1.5–3 g could be fatal toadult humans; a teratogenic substance, producing adverse reproductive effects in experimental animals.
LD50 oral (rat): 70 mg/kg
LD50 skin (rat): 800 mg/kg
LC50 inhalation (rat): 1440 mg/m³/1 hr.

农业用途

Insecticide, Molluscicide: Not approved for use in EU countries. A non-systemic insecticide compatible with most fungicides and insecticides except those that are alkaline. It is often used in combination with azinphosmethyl, chlorpyrifos, cyfluthrin, dichlorvos, disulfoton or methocarb. It is used on sugar cane, cocoa, pome and stone fruit, grapes, maize, hops, rice, sugar beets, vegetables, cotton, and forestry and ornamentals to control pests such as chewing and sucking insects, ants, crickets, flies, mosquitoes, millepedes, jassids and cockroaches.

製品名

(There are currently 695 registered active and/or canceled and/or transferred products in the U.S.) ARPROCARB®; BAY®; BAY® 5122; BAYER®; BAYER® B 5122; BAYGON®; BIFEX®; BLATTANEX®; BLATTOSEP®; BOLFO®; BO Q 5812-315®; BORUHO®; BORUHO® 50; BRIFUR®; BRYGOU®; CHEMAGRO® 9010; COMPOUND 39007; DALF DUST®; INVISI-GARD®; PILLARGON®; PRENTOX CARBAMATE®; PROPOGON®; PROPOTOX®; PROPOXYLOR®; PROPYON®; RHODEN®; SENDRAN®; SUNCIDE®; TENDEX®; TUGEN®; UNDEN®; UNDENE®

職業ばく露

Personnel engaged in the manufacture, formulation and application of this organonitrogen agricul- tural chemical and pesticide.

環境運命予測

Groundwater. According to the U.S. EPA (1986) propoxur has a high potential to leach to groundwater.
Photolytic. Though no products were identified, the half-life in UV irradiated water (λ >290 nm) was 87.9 hours (Jensen-Korte et al., 1987). When propoxur in ethanol was irradiated by UV light, only one unidentified cholinesterase inhibitor formed. Exposure to sunlight for 3 hours yielded no photodecomposition products (Crosby et al., 1965).
Chemical/Physical. Decomposes at elevated temperatures forming methyl isocyanate (Windholz et al., 1983) and nitrogen oxides (Lewis, 1990). Hydrolyzes in water to 1- naphthol and 2-isopropoxyphenol (Miles et al., 1988). At pH 6.9, half-lives of 78 and 124 days were reported under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively (Kanazawa, 1987). Miles et al. (1988) studied the rate of hydrolysis of propoxur in phosphate-buffered water (0.01 M) at 26°C with and without a chlorinating agent (10 mg/L hypochlorite solution). The hydrolysis half-lives at pH 7 and 8 with and without chlorine were 3.5 and 10.3 days and 0.05 and 1.2 days, respectively (Miles et al., 1988). The reported hydrolysis half-lives of propoxur in water at pH 8, 9 and 10 were 16.0 days, 1.6 days and 4.2 hours, respectively (Aly and El-Dib, 1971). In a 0.50 N sodium hydroxide solution at 20°C, the hydrolysis half-life was reported to be 3.0 days (El-Dib and Aly, 1976).

代謝経路

The principal pathways of propoxur metabolism in plants and animals are deisopropylation, hydrolysis of the carbamate ester to form a phenol and conjugation. Minor metabolites are formed by hydroxylation of the N-methyl group and the phenyl ring. Only insects form metabolites hydroxylated at the isopropoxy group.

輸送方法

UN2757 Carbamate pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials. UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.

不和合性

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo- sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, alkalis, heat, and mois- ture. Emits highly toxic methyl isocyanate fumes when heated to decomposition.

廃棄物の処理

In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pes- ticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contact- ing your regional EPA office. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations govern- ing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.