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外観
白色〜わずかにうすい黄色, 結晶〜結晶性粉末
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溶解性
水に難溶。エタノール, ジメチルホルムアミドに易溶。エタノール及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶けやすく、水及びエーテルに溶けにくい。熱エタノール、クロロホルムに可溶。エーテル、リグロイン、冷水に難溶。エタノール及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶けやすく、水及びジエチルエーテルに溶けにくい。
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用途
アンチピリン、アミノピリンをはじめ、多くの重要な医薬品あるいは染料の原料となる。
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効能
脳保護薬
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商品名
ラジカット (田辺三菱製薬); ラジカット (田辺三菱製薬)
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説明
Edaravone was marketed in Japan for improving neurologic recovery
following acute brain infarction. Currently, several agents classified as neuroprotectants
and acting by diverse mechanisms (inhibition of glutamate release, blockade of calcium
channels, lazaroids) have been marketed for treating the outcomes of brain damage due to
trauma, ischemia or cardiac arrest. Edavarone is the first antioxidant with free radical
scavenging activity to be introduced for this pathology. This previously described molecule
(in particular as norantipyrine, one of three metabolites of antipyrine in mammals) can be
simply prepared by direct cyclization of phenylhydrazine with alkylacetoacetate. Edarevone
is a lipophilic agent, readily accessible to brain tissue, that is capable of reducing edema
in the brain following ischemia by blocking the arachidonic acid cascade triggering
peroxidative neurodegeneration. Interestingly, this agent has been shown to quench active
oxygen species in endothelial cell homogenate, as well as inhibiting in vitro lipid peroxidative disintegration of membranes, so making this compound effective during
reperfusion following ischemic injury. As an additional indication, phase III trials started with edaravone for increasing the chance of recovery after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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化学的特性
Off white to light yellow powder
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使用
Edaravone inhibits the disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis.
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定義
ChEBI: A pyrazolone that is 2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one which is substituted at positions 2 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups, respectively.
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一般的な説明
A free radical scavenger and antioxidant that reduces post-ischemic brain injury. Inhibits iron-dependent peroxidation in rat brain homogenates (IC50 = 15 μM). Inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition pore.
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危険性
Toxic by ingestion.
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生物活性
A radical scavenger and antioxidant which is able to protect against the effects of ischemia, probably by inhibiting the lipoxygenase system. Protects against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity.
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安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic by ingestion andintraperitoneal routes. An eye irritant. When heated todecomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
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純化方法
Crystallise the pyrazolone from hot H2O, EtOH or EtOH/water (1:1). It complexes with metals. [Veibel et al. Acta Chim Scand 6 1066 1952, Beilstein 24 II 9, 24 III/IV 71.]
